The warning flag is a type of traffic sign that indicates a hazard in front of a road that may not be immediately visible to the driver.
While the designs vary, they usually take the form of an equilateral triangle with a white background and a thick red border. In the People's Republic of China (except Macau and Hong Kong), they appear with black borders and yellow backgrounds. In Sweden, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Finland, Iceland, the Republic of Macedonia and Poland, they have a red border against a yellow background. The polar bear's warning sign at Svalbard has recently changed from showing a black bear on a white background to a white bear with a black background (both marks are triangular with red borders). Some countries (such as France, Norway, and Spain) that usually use a white background have adopted an orange or yellow background for road work or construction.
Warning signs in some countries have a diamond shape in place of standard triangle shapes. In the United States, Canada, Mexico, Thailand, Australia, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, most of South America, and Ireland (deviate from other European standards) use black warning sign on yellow background and usually diamond shaped, while temporary signs (which are usually construction signs) are black on an orange background. Some other countries also use this standard for some signs.
Warning signs usually contain symbols. In Europe they are based on the Vienna UNECE Convention on the Signs of Road and Signals. In the United States they are based on MUTCD standards and often contain only text.
Video Warning sign
Histori
Some of the first roadside signs - ancient milestones - only give distance size. Hazard warnings are rare even when specimens appear occasionally, such as special warnings about horse-drawn vehicles carved in stone in the Alfama neighborhood of Lisbon in 1686. Early signs have no high contrast writing and their messages may be easily ignored. The sign is written in the local language (example); a symbolic mark, although it has long been used on certain trader signs (such as tri-ball pawnbrokers symbols) that will be used for traffic only further later in history.
Significant signage system appears with the emergence of the car. In 1908 the car association in West London established several warning signs. In 1909, nine European governments agreed on the use of four pictorial symbols, showing the bumps, curves, junctions and crossroads of the railway /i>. The intensive work on international road signs that occurred between 1926 and 1949 eventually led to the development of a European road sign system.
As the 20th century evolved, traffic volume and vehicle speed increased, as did the importance of road sign visibility. Flat marks previously painted provide a way for the signs with embossed letters, which in turn give way for the signs of copying the "restore" knobs that help to achieve greater night visibility. Flat metallic signs reappeared in the 1980s with the widespread use of surfaces covered with retroflective sheeting materials such as Scotchlite.
In Europe, the Vienna Convention of 1968 on Signs and Roads (which became effective in 1978) tried, inter alia, to standardize important signs. After the fall of the Iron Curtain and the ease of country-to-country driving in the Eurozone, European countries are moving towards reducing regional differences in warning signs.
In modern regulation, US warning alerts are classified as a sign of Series W , such as: Series W1 (curves and turns), Series W2 (intersection), Series W22 (blasting), etc., ends with W25 Series ( related extended green traffic lights). Some US warning alerts do not have other temporary categories such as warning lines in the tunnel portal or red marks End of the Road are classified as Object Markers (OM Series). In the US, Stop and speed limit marks are included in the R Series (Rules). Modern US signs are widely standardized; except those antique relics from previous eras, oddities such as yellow Stop or red marks Slippery When Wet will usually only appear on private properties - maybe in a campus hospital or in the parking lot shopping center.
Theft of street signs by jokers, souvenir hunters and pickpockets has been a problem: the removal of warning signs weighs the city's money to replace the missing signs, and can contribute to traffic collisions. Some authorities impose a theft counter to the back side of the signs. Some jurisdictions have criminalized illegal possession of road signs or prohibited their resale to used scrap traders. In some cases, thieves whose firings have caused street fatalities have been charged with murder. Artistic-prone jammers sometimes paint additional details into warning signs: beer bottles, pistols, or boom boxes added to the outstretched hand of Pedestrian Crossing people, for example.
Maps Warning sign
Modern and color warning shapes
Warning signs may indicate potential hazards, obstacles or conditions that require special attention. Some of the most common warning signs are as follows
General warning
Warning signs are commonly used in cases where certain hazards, obstacles or conditions are not covered by standard marks. In Europe, they usually consist of exclamation marks on standard triangle marks (Unicode # 9888:?) With an additional sign below in local languages ​​that identify hazards, obstacles or conditions. In countries that use diamond-shaped markers, explanatory languages ​​are often written directly on diamond-shaped markings, although they may contain only general warnings such as "Attention", and pictograms can also be used.
Obstacle
Shaped diamonds with reflectors are placed on pavement points, borders, or other line obstacles. Rectangular signs with diagonal lines show solid objects such as barricades, bridge buffers, power poles or natural obstacles near the highway. Left-side obstacles are marked with lines rising from top to bottom, from left to right; signs of the right side barrier using lines towering high to low, right to left; in a sense similar to the International arrow symbol pointing downwards toward the road.
Animal crosses the street
These signs warn wild animals (deer, bears, deer, deer, wildebeest, polar bears, camels, wallabies, kangaroos, crocodiles, etc.) or farm animals (cows, horses, ducks, sheep) who may get lost on the road. In the United States, placards of "road sharing" are sometimes placed under this warning sign when used in this way
Unusual vehicles on the road
Also equipment (tractors, forklifts, snowmobiles, Amish buggies etc.) Crossing or traveling along the way.
Work or road construction
These signs are often temporary and are used to indicate roadwork (construction), poor roads, or temporary conditions in front of the road including: flagmen, survey crews, single tracks, detours, outbound bridges, utility crews in front, blasting areas , lumps, dyes, frosts, floods (with marks labeled "High Water"), soft shoulders, uneven pavements, newly oiled roads, loose pebbles, street smoke, incoming trucks, etc. (Note that some "high water" signs are posted to warn drivers of flood-prone areas and do not really mean that there are parts of the road that are flooding in front.) In France, Italy, Spain, Norway etc., warning signs (and speed limits ) connected to the yellow background work of the background, these countries usually have a white background on the signs. In America and Ireland, road-connected signs have an orange background
Curves and angles
These signs indicate that in front of a dangerous or unpredictable curve on the road, some of which are continuous, others sharply pointed. The mark can indicate whether the curve is on the right or to the left and whether the level at which the indentation or bend is sharp. They can also show a series of curves or bends forward.
Chevron and arrow
Chevron shaped symbols or arrows on a rectangular sign can be placed in the actual curve or curve location to further mark the location of the curve and to assist in the negotiation of the curve. They can also be used to indicate "join" with other traffic, such as for roads on restricted access highways.
An unusual occurrence of rectangular arrows appears on the eastward approach to the Dead Man's Curve in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, a very sharp arch so that in places where arrows are printed on one mark and the arrow point is printed on another the larger further. on the road; from a remote driver's perspective, the two marks visually merge into one large arrow image.
Tunnels
These signs are used to show tunnels, where lights are usually required, and a general change in light levels. It may also indicate a low ceiling opening. Truck drivers should also pay attention to banned cargo signs (eg, hazmat, propane, explosives) upon approaching the tunnel.
Bridge
These markers are used where traffic may be confined to narrow bridges, or where bridges may have a closed moving range for vehicles while ships pass (for example, suspension bridges or floating bridges). They can also be used for underpasses to indicate a low clearance.
Traffic signals
These warning signs indicate that traffic lights are ahead, and are often used when it is difficult to see that the traffic lights may already show red, to alert the driver to get ready to slow down. They may be equipped with flashing lights or glowing signs when the light is red or flushed. Some countries also have signal warning signals for ramp meters, fire stations, and airfields.
Warning signs for regulatory signs
As for traffic signals, above, some "stop" or "generate" signs may require additional warnings or reminders, especially in crowded areas or where signs have been added recently.
Intersections
These signs warn the ford crossing at (intersection, intersection, fork (junction-Y), rotary/roundabout). They can also show "hidden drives" that cut off the road ahead. (Compare with bridge, overpass, bridge above).
Path starts and ends
These signs indicate when the multilang highway is being narrowed, when the passing path ends, or where the widening or passing path begins. Another type of mark is used to indicate the center of the left turn path "bidirectional" in the middle of the road. Warning alerts can also warn "Highway ends", where paths change classes or types.
Join to follow traffic
In the United States and Canada, there is a special mark for the line that will exit, so drivers who want to stay on the main road have enough time to join. Such paths are sometimes marked with special striping ("crocodile lines") and marks, "Through Traffic Merge Left" (or right). On the highway, the green direction sign for the exit may have an additional notation, "Sign Out Only," and must have black letters on a yellow background for emphasis.
Road with one entry point
The highway has only one entry/exit point - "dead end", "not a path" or "no way out".
Road end
A sign indicating the endpoint of the road.
Pedestrian crossing
These signs are used to alert the driver of the person walking down the street. They can also be used to alert children to play, playgrounds, bike areas, deaf children, blind walkers, and densely settled zones where pedestrians can enter the street.
In California, the United States near the Mexican border, there are warning signs indicating the ongoing family. This is to alert motorists to search for illegal immigrants who try to escape from the authorities by running through highway traffic. The symbol was made by a California Department of Transportation employee John Hood in the late 1980s
School
These marks mark the school zone (where the low speed limit may be in place), student crossings, crossed the guard or signal forward. In the US and Canada, a pentagon mark is used instead of the usual diamond-shaped mark. The shape of a US school zone resembles a one-room school and is the only US sign that shapes like this. Some Canadian provinces use identical signs. Ontario uses the white version of this blue mark.
Bicycle
Bike crossing signs warn that bicycles will cross over at their location
Fire station
These signs warn of the approach to which firefighters can enter the street with fire engines or other emergency equipment, where other drivers have to stop and wait until they pass by.
Incoming traffic
These signs can be used to alert people about incoming traffic; is displayed when a highway becomes a dual traffic lane or a normal road without a central or median reservation
Crossing level (train intersection)
These signs are used to warn the level crossings ahead. In most countries, red triangle warning signs are used, with various podtograms for unattended crossings, manual gate crossings, and automatic level crossings. In most of Europe, old-style gates are used to cross with gates, and steam locomotives to cross without a gate. Germany uses electric trains. A similar pictogram is also used in Ireland, albeit on a yellow diamond mark. In the United States, warnings of all types of railway crossings are made using circular yellow markings. Actual crossings are also marked with signs of crossbuck "railroad crossing" (stop, see, hear) and maybe lights, bells, and obstacles.
Rock falling
These signs can be used to indicate the danger of falling or falling stones on the road ahead. They are usually pictographs, but may also include words, such as "falling rock", "falling rock", or "rock slide". In Italian the words might be " caduta sassi " or " caduta massi "; in French " chÃÆ'» te de pierres "; in Mexico " derrumbe s".
For example, a warning sign with an airplane image in the center indicates an airport or airfield, where the driver should prepare for a low-flying aircraft.
Crosswinds or Wind side
Flying socks, as shown by windsocks on the red triangle or yellow diamond marks, indicate the location where strong side winds can cause the moving trajectory of the vehicle to change drastically, perhaps even "fly" across the lane, causing an accident.
Road conditions
"Wet when wet", "curled pavement" (warning for motorcyclists and cyclists), "Open the connection on the bridge", "Icy Road", "The bridge stalled before the road" and its variations, and "bump" or "dip" forward (not related to construction). Truck drivers need to pay attention to "Low grade" warning (or "Down grade, low gear"), sometimes posted with a percent value (say, 5 percent). A steep hill can also display an "Escape escape" or "Emergency stop" area with the appropriate sign. The UK has an "Adverse camber" warning sign on the curve. Also "loose pebbles", "Shoulder soft", "Punuk speed", and "Watch Ice".
Warning signs with lights
Some warning signs have flashing lights to alert the driver about the conditions ahead or remind drivers to slow down. In the UK, they are called warning lights . Flashing lights can be harmful to people with certain forms of epilepsy and/or sensory processing impairment.
- Attached lights
Non-traffic alert
Warning signs are also found on other malicious websites. At the base of a power pole or fence from a substation or radiotechnical apparatus with an open section that guides the high voltage, there are high voltage warning signs. Warning signs can be found at the top of the ramp. "Beware of Dogs" is a typical warning of the presence of dogs, but there is no standard sign design.
Signs of wet floor are used after floor cleaning to warn people about wet floors and prevent them from slipping and falling. Businesses often place such warnings to avoid the cost of omissions carried by people on their property. In many countries, if an injury originates from a wet floor, the landlord may be found liable for compensation damages. Many lawyers specialize in such lawsuits. Sometimes wet floor signs are not enough. The effectiveness in modifying behavior has been shown to be enhanced when wet floor warnings are also presented aural every 10 seconds by cassette players. Robotic cleaning equipment can use wet floor signs to know when the work is done through sonar.
See also
- Hazard symbol
- ISO 3864
- ISO 7010
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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