Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University , colloquial Agriculture ) is a private research university in Stanford, California. Stanford is known for its academic strength, wealth, proximity to Silicon Valley, and ranks as one of the top ten universities in the world.
The university was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford in memory of their only child, Leland Stanford Jr., who died of typhoid fever at the age of 15 years earlier. Stanford is a former California Governor and US Senator who made his fortune as a railroad tycoon. The school admitted its first student on October 1, 1891, as an educational and non-denominational institution.
Stanford University struggled financially after the death of Leland Stanford in 1893 and returned after many campuses were damaged by the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. After World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported the faculty and graduate entrepreneurship to build an independent local industry in what became known as Silicon Valley. The university is also one of the best fundraising agencies in the country, becoming the first school to collect more than a billion dollars a year.
The university is organized around three traditional schools consisting of 40 academic departments at the undergraduate and graduate levels and four professional schools focusing on postgraduate programs in Law, Medicine, Education and Business. The Stanford undergraduate program is one of the top three most selective in the United States by its acceptance level. Students compete in 36 sports universities, and the university is one of two private institutions in the Division I FBS Pac-12 Conference. It has won 117 NCAA championships, the most for the university. The Stanford athlete has won 512 individual championships, and Stanford has won the NACDA Board of Directors for 23 consecutive years, starting in 1994-1995. In addition, Stanford students and alumni have won 270 Olympic medals including 139 gold medals.
In March 2018, 81 Nobel Prize winners, 27 Turing Award winners, and 7 Fields Medalist have affiliated with Stanford as a student, alumni, faculty or staff. In addition, Stanford University is well known for its entrepreneurship and is one of the most successful universities in attracting funding to get started. Alumni Stanford has established a large number of companies, which combined generate more than $ 2.7 trillion in annual revenue and have created 5.4 million jobs in 2011, roughly equivalent to 10 of the world's largest economies (in 2011). Stanford is an alma mater of 30 live billionaires and 17 astronauts, as well as one of the leading producers of US Congressmen.
Video Stanford University
Histori
Stanford University was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford, dedicated to Leland Stanford Jr., their only child. The institute was opened in 1891 at the previous Palo Alto Stanford ranch. Although affected by the earthquake in 1906 and 1989, the campus was rebuilt every time. In 1919, the Hoover Institute of War, Revolution and Peace was initiated by Herbert Hoover to preserve artifacts related to World War I. The Stanford Medical Center, completed in 1959, is an educational hospital with over 800 beds. The National Accelerator Laboratory of SLAC (originally named Linford Accelerator Center Stanford), founded in 1962, conducts research in particle physics.
Jane and Leland Stanford modeled their university after major universities in the east, especially Cornell University and Harvard University. Stanford opened under the name "Cornell of the West" in 1891 because its faculty is a former Cornell affiliate (either professor, alumni, or both) including its first president, David Starr Jordan. Both Cornell and Stanford are among the first to have an accessible, nonsectarian, and open education for both women and men. Cornell is credited as one of the first American universities to adopt a radical departure from traditional education, and Stanford became an early adopter as well.
Maps Stanford University
Land
Most of Stanford University is on the 8.180-acre campus (12.8 m²; 33.1 km 2 ), one of the largest in the United States. Located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwestern part of Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) about 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and about 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.
Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place in an unrelated Santa Clara County, although some university lands (such as Stanford Shopping Center and Stanford Research Park) are within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes a lot of land in the San Mateo area (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Jasper Ridge Biological Preservation), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (the Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.
Campus center
The academic center campus is adjacent to Palo Alto, bordered by El Camino Real, Stanford Avenue, Junipero Serra Boulevard, and Sand Hill Road. The United States Postal Service has assigned two ZIP codes: 94305 for campus letters and 94309 for P.O. mailbox. It is located in the 650 area code.
Non-center campus
Stanford currently operates or intends to operate in various locations outside its central campus.
About the founder's grant:
- Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve is a 1,200 hectare nature reserve (490Ã, ha) south of the university's central campus and is used by wildlife biologists for research.
- The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is a facility on the western campus center operated by the university for the Department of Energy. It contains the world's longest linear particle accelerator, 2 miles (3.2 km) on 426 acres (172Ã, ha) land.
- Golf courses and seasonal lakes: The university also has its own golf course and a seasonal lake (Lake Lagunita, actually an irrigation reservoir), both of which are home to vulnerable California tiger salamanders. In 2012 Lake Lagunita is often dry and the university has no plans to fill it artificially.
From the founding grant:
- Hopkins Marine Station, in Pacific Grove, California, is a marine biology research center owned by the university since 1892.
- Study abroad: unlike other overseas courses, Stanford operates in multiple locations around the world; thus, each location has a faculty and staff at Stanford other than students, making a "mini-Stanford."
- China: The Stanford Center at Peking University, housed in Lee Jung Sen Building, is a small center for researchers and students working with Peking University.
Locations under development:
- Redwood City: in 2005, the university purchased a small 35-acre campus in Central Park Technology Park intended for staff offices; development delayed by The Great Resession. In 2015 the university announces the development plan.
Faculty residence
Many Stanford faculty members live in the "Ghetto Faculty", within walking distance or cycling campus. The Ghetto Faculty consists of a land owned entirely by Stanford. Similar to a condo, houses can be bought and sold but the land under the houses is rented on a 99 year lease. The houses in the "Ghetto" appreciate and depreciate, but not as fast as the overall values ​​of Silicon Valley. However, it remains an expensive area to own property, and the average price of single-family homes on campus is actually higher than in Palo Alto.
Other uses
Some land is managed to provide income for universities such as Stanford Shopping Center and Stanford Research Park. Stanford Land is also leased for sign rentals by Palo Alto Unified School District for several schools including Palo Alto High School and Gunn High School. El Camino Park, Palo Alto's oldest city park (founded 1914), is also on Stanford ground.
Landmarks
Contemporary campus landmarks include Quad Main and Memorial Church, Cantor Center for Visual Arts and Bing Concert Hall, Stanford Mausoleum with Angel of Grief, Hoover Tower, Rodin sculpture park, Papua New Guinea Sculpture Park, Arizona Cactus Garden, Stanford University Arboretum, Green Library , and Dish. Hanna-Honeycomb's 1937 house belonging to Frank Lloyd Wright and Loury Hoover House in 1919 were both listed on the National Historic Register. The Claw (official White Memorial Fountain) between Stanford Bookstore and Old Union is a popular place to meet and to engage in Stanford's "fountain hopping" habits; was installed in 1964 and designed by Aristides Demetrios after the national competition as a memorial to two brothers in the 1949 class, William N. White and John B. White II, one of whom died before graduation and one soon after in 1952.
Administration and organization
Stanford University is a private, non-profit university managed as a corporate trust organized by a privately appointed board with a maximum membership of 38. Trustees serve a five-year requirement (no more than two consecutive terms) and meet five times each year. The new supervisor is elected by the current board via a ballot. The Stanford supervisor also oversees Stanford Research Park, Stanford Shopping Center, Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Stanford University Medical Center, and many related medical facilities (including the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital).
The Council appoints a President to serve as chief executive officer of the university and prescribe the professors and study program, manage the financial and business affairs, and appoint nine vice presidents. Provost is the chief of academic staff and budget, to whom the dean of each of the seven schools reports. Exactly Drell became the 13th Provost in February 2017.
In 2018 the university is organized into seven academic schools. School of Humanities and Sciences (27 departments), Engineering (9 departments), and Earth, Energy & amp; Environmental Science (4 departments) has undergraduate and graduate programs while School of Law, Medicine, Education and Business only has a graduate program. The strength and authority of the faculty are in the Academic Council, which consists of tenurial and non-mastery faculty, research faculty, senior colleagues at several policy centers and institutes, university presidents, and several other academic administrators. , but most of the problems are handled by the Faculty Senate, consisting of 55 elected representatives of the faculty.
The Associated Students of Stanford University (ASSU) is a student government for Stanford University and all registered students are members. The elected leadership consists of the Undergraduate Senate selected by undergraduate students, Graduate Student Council selected by graduate students, and the President and Vice President are selected as tickets by all students.
Stanford is a recipient of a special clause in the California Constitution, which explicitly excludes Stanford property from taxes as long as the property is used for educational purposes.
Endowment and fundraising
The university donations, managed by the Stanford Management Company, were valued at $ 22.2 billion in August 2015, 3.6% over the previous year. Lasting funds fell 25% in 2009 as a result of the late 2000s recession, but posted a 14.4% gain in 2010 and 22.4% in 2011, when it was worth $ 16.5 billion.
Stanford has been the largest fundraising university in the United States for several years. It raised $ 911 million in 2006, $ 832 million in 2007, $ 785 million in 2008, $ 640 million in 2009, $ 599 million in 2010, $ 709 million in 2011, and $ 1,035 billion in the year 2012, became the first school to collect more than a billion dollars in a year. In 2013 and 2014, the company raised $ 932 million and $ 928 million. Payments from Stanford donations account for about 23% of university fees in fiscal year 2014.
In 2006, President John L. Hennessy launched a five-year campaign called the Stanford Challenge, which reached a $ 4.3 billion fundraising target in 2009, two years earlier but continued fund-raising for the duration of the campaign. It ended on December 31, 2011, after collecting a total of $ 6.23 billion and breaking the previous record $ 3.88 billion campaign fundraising held by Yale. In particular, the campaign generated $ 253.7 million for undergraduate financial aid, as well as $ 2.33 billion for its "Find Solution" initiative for global issues, $ 1.61 billion for "Educating Leaders" by improving K-12 education, and $ 2.11 billion for the "Excellence Foundation" aimed at providing academic support to Stanford students and faculty. Funds are supported by 366 new scholarships for graduate students, 139 new blessed seats for faculty, and 38 new or renovated buildings. New funding also allows construction of facilities for stem cell research; new campus for business schools; expansion of law schools; New Quad Technique; an art building and a new art history; concert hall on campus; new art museum; and plans for expansion of medical schools, among others.
Academics
Teaching and learning
Stanford follows a quarter system with the Autumn Quarter usually starting at the end of September and the Spring Quarter ends in early June. A full-time four-year undergraduate program has an arts and science focus with high coexistence of graduate students. Stanford is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.
Full-time undergraduate scholarships are $ 42,690 for 2013-2014. The Stanford admissions process is a blind need for US citizens and permanent residents; while unnecessary-blind for international students, 64% are need-based assistance, with an average assistance package of $ 31,411. In 2012-13, the university provided $ 126 million in need-based financial assistance to 3,485 students, with an average assistance package of $ 40,460. Eighty percent of students receive some form of financial assistance. Stanford has a no-loan policy. For students accepted in 2015, Stanford waives college, room and board fees for most families with incomes under $ 65,000, and most families with incomes under $ 125,000 are not required to pay tuition; those earning up to $ 150,000 may have significantly reduced tuition fees. 17% of students receive Pell Grants, a common measure of low-income students in college.
Research center and institute
By 2016 the Office of the Provost Representative and Research Dean oversees eighteen independent laboratories, centers, and institutes.
Other institutions affiliated with Stanford include the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (originally the Stanford Accelerator Center Stanford), the Stanford Research Institute, the Hoover Institute on War, Revolution and Peace (a premier public policy idea). a tank that attracts guest scholars from around the world) and the Design Institute of Hasso Plattner (a multidisciplinary design school in collaboration with the Hasso Plattner Institute of Potsdam University that integrates product design, engineering, and business management education).
Stanford is home to Martin Luther King Jr. The Institute of Research and Education that grew out of and still contains Martin Luther King Jr. Papers Project, a collaboration with King Center to publish King's papers held by the King Center. It also runs the John S. Knight Fellowship for Professional Journalists and Ocean Solutions Center, which brings marine science and policy together to address the challenges facing the ocean.
Together with UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco, Stanford is part of BioHub, a new medical science research center founded in 2016 by a $ 600 million commitment from CEO and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and pediatrician Priscilla Chan.
Digital libraries and resources
By 2014, the Stanford University Library (SUL) held a collection of more than 9.3 million volumes, nearly 300,000 rare or special books, 1.5 million e-books, 2.5 million audiovisual materials, 77,000 series, nearly 6 million microform holdings, and thousands of other digital resources.
The main library in the SU library system is the Green Library, which also contains various meeting and conference rooms, study rooms and reading rooms. The Lathrop Library (formerly the Meyer Library, destroyed in 2015), has a variety of media resources accessible to students and houses one of East Asia's largest collections with a volume of 540,000.
Art
Stanford University is home to the Cantor Center for the Visual Arts museum with 24 galleries, a sculpture garden, a terrace, and a first page set up in 1891 by Jane and Leland Stanford as a memorial for their only child. The collection of the Center's works by Rodin is one of the largest in the world The Thomas Welton Stanford Gallery, built in 1917, serves as a teaching resource for the Arts & Art history as well as exhibition venues. There is an outdoor art installation throughout the campus, especially statues, but some murals too. The Papua New Guinea Sculpture Park near Roble Hall features woodcarvings and "totem poles."
The Stanford music department sponsors numerous ensembles including five choirs, Stanford Symphony Orchestra, Stanford Taiko, and Stanford Wind Ensemble. Extracurricular activities include theater groups such as Ram's Head Theatrical Society, Stanford Improvisors, Stanford Shakespeare Society, and Stanford Savoyards, a group dedicated to performing the works of Gilbert and Sullivan. There are award winning acappella musicians including Mendicants, Counterpoint, Stanford Fleet Street Singers, Harmonics, Mixed Company, Testimony, Talisman, Everyday People, and Raagapella.
Reputation and ranking
In particular, Stanford ranks high and often first in many college grade sizes, leading Slate to dub Stanford in 2014 as the "21st Century Harvard," and The New York Times > in the same year to conclude that "Stanford University has become an 'American' school, with a size once dominated by Harvard." From the poll conducted by the The Princeton Review in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017, the most commonly named "dream college" is a Stanford student; separately, parents, too, most often refer to Stanford as their "dream university". Inauguration of 2017 Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education College Ranking chose Stanford as the No. 1 school in the United States.
Globally, The World University's Academic Ranking rated the world's second Stanford nearly every year from 2003 to 2016. In addition, Times Higher Education recognizes Stanford as one world "six super brands" in the World Rankings Reputation , along with Berkeley, Cambridge, Harvard, MIT, and Oxford.
Discover and innovation
Nature Sciences
- Biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Arthur Kornberg synthesizes DNA material and wins the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his work at Stanford.
- The first GMO organism - Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer are the first scientists to transplant genes from one living organism to another, a fundamental invention for genetic engineering. Thousands of products have been developed on the basis of their work, including human growth hormone and hepatitis B vaccine. Laser - Arthur Leonard Schawlow shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics with Nicolaas Bloembergen and Kai Siegbahn for his work on lasers.
- Nuclear magnetic resonance - Felix Bloch develops new ways and methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements, which are the basic principles of MRI.
Computer science and applied
- ARPANET - Stanford Research Institute, formerly part of Stanford but on a separate campus, is the site of one of the original four node ARPANET.
- Frequency modulation synthesis - John Chowing of the Music department invented the FM music synthesis algorithm in 1967, and Stanford later licensed it to the Yamaha Corporation.
- Google - Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford. They work at the Stanford Digital Library Project (SDLP). The SDLP goal is "to develop technologies that allow for a single, integrated and universal digital library" and is funded through the National Science Foundation, among other federal agencies.
- The Klystron Tubes - found by Russell's brothers and Sigurd Varians at Stanford. Their prototype was completed and demonstrated successfully on August 30, 1937. After publication in 1939, news of klystron immediately affected the work of US and British researchers working on radar equipment.
- RISC - ARP-funded VLSI microprocessor design project. Stanford and UC Berkeley are most associated with popularizing this concept. MIPS Stanford will continue to be commercialized as a successful MIPS architecture, while Berkeley RISC delivers its name to the entire concept, commercialized as SPARC. Another success of this era was IBM's efforts that ultimately led to the Electrical Architecture. As the project matured, a variety of similar designs developed in the late 1980s and especially the early 1990s, representing a major strength in the Unix workstation market as well as processors embedded in laser printers, routers and similar products.
- SUN workstations - Andy Bechtolsheim designs SUN workstations for the Stanford University Network communication project as a personal CAD workstation, leading to Sun Microsystems.
Business and entrepreneurship
Stanford is one of the most successful universities in creating the company and licensing its inventions to existing companies; often held as a model for technology transfer. Office of Technology Licensing Stanford is responsible for marketing the development. The university is described as having a strong business culture in which students are encouraged, and often funded, to launch their own companies. Some companies closely associated with Stanford include:
- Cisco, 1984, founder Leonard Bosack (M.S) and Sandy Lerner (M.S) in charge of the computer operations group of Stanford Computer Science and Graduate School of Business respectively when the hardware was developed.
- Coursera, 2012, founder Andrew Ng (Associate Professor) and Daphne Koller (Professor, PhD).
- Google, 1998, founder Larry Page (M.S) and Sergey Brin (M.S).
- Hewlett-Packard, 1939, founder William R. Hewlett (B.S, PhD) and David Packard (M.S).
- Silicon Graphics, 1981, co-founder James H. Clark (Associate Professor) and several graduates.
- Sun Microsystems, 1982, co-founder, Vinod Khosla (M.B.A), Andy Bechtolsheim (PhD) and Scott McNealy (M.B.A).
- Yahoo !, 1994, founder Jerry Yang (B.S, M.S) and David Filo (M.S).
The company founded by Stanford alumni though not necessarily while at Stanford earns more than $ 2.7 trillion in annual revenue, equivalent to the 10th largest economy in the world.
Student life
Student body
Stanford enrolled 7,061 undergraduate and 11,075 graduate students as of October 2013, and women comprise 47% undergraduate students and 41% of professional and postgraduate students. In the same academic year, the new student retention rate is 99%.
Stanford provides 1,715 graduate degrees, 2,278 Master's degrees, 764 doctorates, and 366 professional degrees in the 2011-2012 school year. The four-year graduation rate in the 2011 class is 76%, and the six-year rate is 96%. The relatively low four-year graduation rate is a function of the university degree (or "coterm") coterminal program, which allows students to earn a master's degree as an extension of their degree program.
In 2010, fifteen percent of undergraduate students were first-generation students.
Student dormitories and housing
In 2013, 89% of undergraduate students live in university housing on campus. First year students are required to stay on campus, and all students are guaranteed a place to stay for all four years of undergraduate. Undergraduate students live in 80 different homes, including dormitories, co-ops, row houses, and fraternities and student associations. In Manzanita Park, 118 car homes were installed as "temporary" housing from 1969 to 1991, but by 2015 are new dormitory locations of Castano, Kimball, Lantana, and House of Humanity, completed by 2015. Most student residences are outside the campus core , within ten minutes (by foot or by bike) in most classrooms and libraries. Some are reserved for new students, second year, or upper class and some are open to all four classes. Most of the dwellings are co-ed; seven are all male brotherhoods, three are women's associations, and there is also a non-coed house, Roth House. In most residences, men and women live on the same floor, but some dorms are configured for men and women to live on separate floors (single sex floor).
Some residences are considered as themed homes. Academic, Language, and Cultural Houses include EAST (Themed & Educational Theme), HammarskjÃÆ'¶ld (International Themed Houses), Haus Mitteleuropa (Central European Themed Houses), La Casa Italiana (Italian Language and Culture), La Maison FranÃÆ'§aise (Home of Languages ​​and French Cultures), Slavianskii Dom (Slavic/Eastern European Themed House), Floor (Themed House of Human Biology), and Yost (Spanish Language and Culture). Cross-Cultural Themed Houses include Casa Zapata (Chicano/Latino Theme in Stern Hall), Muwekma-tah-ruk (Original Indian/Alaskan Homes, and Original Hawaiian Neighbor Homes), Okada (The Asian-American Themed House at Wilbur Hall), and Ujamaa (Black-African-American Themed House in Lagunita Court). Focus Houses include Freshman-Sophomore College, Branner Hall (Community Service), Kimball (Art & Performing Arts), Crothers (Global Citizenship), and Toyon (Sophomore Priority). Themed houses that precede the current "theme" classification system are Columbae (Social Change Through Nonviolence, since 1970), and Synergy (Exploring Alternatives, since 1972).
Co-ops or "Self-Ops" are other housing options. These homes have a cooperative life, in which the inhabitants and associates each contribute to keeping the house operated, such as cooking food or cleaning the common room. These homes have a unique theme where their community is centered. Many co-ops are centers of music, art, and philosophy. Co-ops on campus are 576 Alvarado Row (formerly Chi Theta Chi), Columbae, Enchanted Brokoli Forest (EBF), HammarskjÃÆ'¶ld, Kairos, Terra (unofficial LGBT homes), and Synergy. Phi Sigma, at 1018 Campus Drive was formerly the brotherhood of Phi Sigma Kappa, but in 1973 became Self-Op.
In 2015 about 55 percent of the population of graduate students live on campus. First year graduate students are guaranteed in campus housing. Stanford also subsidizes off-campus apartments in Palo Alto, Menlo Park, and nearby Mountain View for graduate students secured inside a housing campus but can not stay on campus due to lack of space.
Athletics
By 2016 Stanford has 16 male university sports and 20 sports varsity women, 19 sports clubs and about 27 intramural sports In 1930, after being unanimously voted by the Executive Committee for Associated Students, the athletic department adopted the "Indian" mascot. Indian symbols and names were later dropped by President Richard Lyman in 1972, following objections from the Native American students and voting by the student senate. The sports team is now officially referred to as "Stanford Cardinal", referring to the deep red color, not the cardinal bird. Stanford is a member of the Pac-12 Conference in most sports, the Pacific Sports Federation of the Mountain in some other sports, and the East America Conference on hockey with participation in the NCAA Division I FBS inter-college.
Its traditional sports competitor is Berkeley, a neighbor to the north in East Bay. The annual "Big Match" winner between the Cal and Cardinal soccer teams gets Stanford Ax custody.
Stanford has had at least one NCAA team champion every year since the 1976-77 school year and has earned 117 NCAA national team titles since his establishment, the most among universities (one more than four times greater UCLA Bruins enrollment), and Stanford has won 512 individual national championships, at most by any university. Stanford has won the award for the top 1 Division 1 athletics program - the NACDA Board of Directors, formerly known as the Sears Cup - every year for twenty-three years in a row. The Stanford athlete has won medals in every Olympics since 1912, winning a total of 270 Olympic medals, 139 of which are gold. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, and the 2016 Summer Olympics, Stanford won more Olympic medals than any other university in the United States. The Stanford athlete won 16 medals at the 2012 Summer Olympics (12 gold, 2 silver and 2 bronze), and 27 medals at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Tradition
- The unofficial motto of Stanford University, chosen by President Jordan, is " Die Luft der Freiheit weht. " Translated from German, this quote from Ulrich von Hutten means, "The wind blows freedom. "The motto was controversial during World War I, when something in Germany was suspected; at that time the university denied that this slogan was official.
- "Hail, Stanford, Hail" is a Stanford Hymn that is sometimes sung at ceremonies or adapted by different groups of University singers. It was written in 1892 by mechanical engineering professor Albert W. Smith and his wife, Mary Roberts Smith (in 1896 he earned his first doctorate in Economics and later became professor of Sociology), but was not officially adopted until after the show on campus in March 1902 by the Mormon Tabernacle Choir.
- Rarely Men/Rarely Women: Stanford does not give honorary degrees, but in 1953 the Rare/Uncommon Range of Women was created to recognize individuals who provide exceptional and extraordinary service to the University. Technically, this degree is awarded by Stanford Associates, a volunteer group that is part of a university alumni association. As Stanford's supreme honor, it is not awarded at specified intervals, but only if it is appropriate to recognize exceptional service. The recipients include Herbert Hoover, Bill Hewlett, Dave Packard, Lucile Packard, and John Gardner.
- Great Game Events: Events in the week leading up to Big Match vs. UC Berkeley, including Gaieties (musical written, composed, produced, and performed by students from The Theater Society of Ram The Head),
- Viennese Ball: an official ball with a waltz originally started in 1970 by a returning student from Stanford that is now closed in Vienna overseas. It is now open to all students.
- Mausoleum Party: The annual Halloween party at Stanford Mausoleum, the final resting place of Leland Stanford Jr. and his parents. The 20-year tradition, the hiatus Mausoleum party from 2002 to 2005 due to lack of funding, but revived in 2006. In 2008, it was held in Old Union rather than in the real Mausoleum, as generators were banned from raining from being rented. In 2009, after fundraising efforts by Junior Class President and Executive ASSU, the event could return to the Mausoleum despite facing budget cuts earlier in the year.
- Former campus traditions include the Big Game bonfire on Lake Lagunita (a normally dry autumn lake), which officially ended in 1997 due to the presence of endangered salamanders at the bottom of the lake.
Religious life
Students and staff at Stanford have many different religions. The mission of the Stanford Office for Religious Life is "to guide, nurture and improve the spiritual, religious and ethical life of the Stanford University community" by promoting enriching dialogue, meaningful rituals, and lasting friendships among people of all religious backgrounds. It is led by a dean with the help of the associate's senior dean and associate dean. The Stanford Memorial Church, at the center of the campus, has Sunday University General Worship services (UPW) usually in the "Protestant Ecumenical Christianity" tradition where the Memorial Church Choir is singing and a sermon usually preached by one of Stanford's Deans for Religious Life.. UPW sometimes has multifaith service. In addition, the church is used by the Catholic community and by some other Christian denominations at Stanford. Weddings occur almost every Saturday and universities for more than 20 years allow thanks to same-sex relationships and now legitimate marriages.
In addition to the church, the Office of Religious Life has an Interfaith Community Center, Learning and Experience (CIRCLE) on the third floor of the Old Union. It offers a common room, interfaith sanctuary, seminar room, student lounge area and reading room, as well as housing offices of a group of Stanford Associate Religions (SAR) members and Senior Associate Dean and Associate Dean for Religious Life. Most, though not all groups of religious students are SAR members. The SAR directory includes organizations serving atheist, Baha'i, Buddhist, Christian, Hindu, Islamic, Jewish, and Sikh groups, although these groups vary from year to year.
The Windhover Contemplation Center is dedicated in October 2014, and is intended to provide a spiritual shelter for students and staff in the midst of their courses and work schedules; this center features Nathan Oliveira's "Windhover" painting, a late Stanford professor and artist.
Some religions have a larger and more formal presence on campus in addition to student groups; this includes the Catholic Communities at Stanford and Hillel at Stanford.
Greek Life
Fraternities and student associations have been active on the Stanford campus since 1891, when the university first opened. In 1944, Donald Tresidder University President banned all Stanford associations because of extreme competition. However, after Title IX, the Supervisory Board lifted a 33-year ban on student societies in 1977. Students are not allowed to join fraternities or student associations until the Spring Quarter of their first year.
By 2016 Stanford has 31 Greek organizations, including 14 student societies and 16 fraternities. Nine of the Greek organizations were stationed (eight in the house belonging to the University and another, Sigma Chi, in their own home [although the land was owned by the University]). Six chapters are members of the African American Association of Sisters and Sisters, 11 chapters are members of the Interfraternity Council, 7 chapters of the Board of Intersorority, and 6 chapters belonging to the Greek Multicultural Council. Stanford is home to three historic NPHC (National Pan-Hellenic Council or "Divine Nine") venues (Alpha Kappa Alpha, Delta Sigma Theta, and Sigma Gamma Rho) and three uninterrupted NPHC fraternities (Alpha Phi Alpha, Kappa Alpha Psi, and Phi Beta Sigma). This fraternity and association operates under the AAFSA (American Fraternal Sororal Association) at Stanford.
Student Group
In 2014 Stanford has 650 student organizations. Groups are often, though not always, partly funded by the University through allocations directed by student government organizations, ASSU. These funds include "special fees", decided by the Spring Quarter vote by the student body. Group Range of Athletics/Recreation (see section on Athletics), Careers/Pre-professionals, Community Services, Ethnic/Cultural Affairs, Brotherhood/Associations, Health/Counseling, Media/Publishing, Music/Dance/Creative Arts (see art section) , Political/Social Awareness to Religion/Philosophy.
The Stanford Daily is a daily newspaper and has been published since the University was founded in 1892. The Stanford Review is a conservative student newspaper established in 1987. Student-run radio station, KZSU Stanford 90.1 FM, free form music programming features, sports commentary, and news segments; starting in 1947 as an AM radio station.
Students run SUpost.com , an online market for Stanford students and alumni, in partnership with Stanford Student Enterprises (SSE) and the Stanford Pre-Business Association. The latter is intended to build relationships between industry, alumni, and the student community. Stanford Marketing is a group of students who provide training to students through research projects and strategy consulting with Fortune 500 clients, as well as workshops led by people from industry and professors at the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Stanford Finance provides mentoring and internships for students wishing to enter a career in finance. The Stanford Entrepreneurs Business Association (BASES), is one of the largest professional organizations in Silicon Valley, with over 5,000 members. The goal is to support the next generation of entrepreneurs. Stanford Women In Business (SWIB) is an on-campus business organization consisting of over 40 board members and 100 active members. Each year, the SWIB hosts more than 25 events and workshops, organizes winter and spring conferences, and provides guidance and internships in the spring. StartX is a non-profit startup accelerator for startup led by students and faculty with more than 12% of study bodies being implemented. It is managed mainly by students.
Other groups include:
- The Stanford Axe committee is Stanford Ax's official guardian and the rest of the time helps Stanford Band as an additional group of spirits. It's been around since 1982.
- The Stanford solar car project, where students build solar-powered cars every 2 years and race them in the North Solar Challenge or World Solar Challenge.
- The Pilipino American Student Union (PASU), a culturally oriented community service and social activism group. Also an integral part of PASU is a traditional art called Kayumanggi.
- Stanford Improvisors (SIMPS for short) teaching and performing theater improvisation on campus and in the surrounding community. In 2014 the group takes second place at the Golden Gate Regional College Improv tournament and they have been invited twice to perform at the annual San Francisco Improv Festival.
- Asha for Education is a national student group founded in 1991. Its main focus is education in India and supports non-profit organizations working primarily in the education sector. Babak Asha Stanford organizes events such as Holi and also lectures by prominent leaders of Indian university campuses.
Security
Stanford Public Security Department is responsible for law enforcement and security on major campuses. His sheriff's deputy was a peacekeeper with arrangements with the Santa Clara County Sheriff's Office. The department is also responsible for issuing annual crime reports covering the previous three years as required by the Clery Act. Fire protection has been provided by contract with Palo Alto Fire Department since 1976.
Murder is rare on campus although several well-known cases include Theodore Streleski's murder of his professor in 1978 and the unsolved 1974 murder of Arlis Perry at the Stanford Memorial Church.
In 2014, Stanford University is the 10th highest in the country in a "total rape report" on their main campus, with 26 reports of rape.
In the 2015 Stanford Campus Climate Survey 2015, 4.7 percent of female students reported experiencing sexual violence as defined by the university and 32.9 percent reported experiencing false sexual behavior. According to the survey, 85% of offenders are Stanford students and 80% are male. Sexual harassers are often assisted by alcohol or drugs, according to the survey: "Nearly three quarters of students whose responses are categorized as sexual assaults show that the action was perpetrated by someone or someone who used them when they were drunk or high, according to the survey. percent of students reporting sexual behavior experiences involving non-sexual penetration and/or oral sex show the same thing. "Associated Students of Stanford University and students and alumni activists with anti-rape groups Standing up with Leah criticized survey methodology for lowering the ranking of incidents involve alcohol if students do not check two separate boxes that show they are drunk and incompetence when sexually assaulted. Reporting the rape case Brock Turner, a reporter from The Washington Post analyzed college rape reports filed by the university to the US Department of Education, and found that Stanford was one of the top ten universities in rape on campus. 2014, with 26 reported that year, but when analyzed by rape per 1000 students, Stanford is not included in the top ten.
Early in the morning of January 18, 2015, a woman who visited campus to attend a party at the Kappa Alpha fraternity was sexually assaulted by Brock Turner, a freshman with a swimming scholarship. The attack was interrupted by two Swedish graduate students. Stanford immediately referred the case to the prosecutor and offered women counseling, and within two weeks had blocked Turner from college after investigating. Turner was convicted on three counts of crime in March 2016 and in June 2016 he received a six-month jail term and was declared a sex offender, which required him to register for that for the rest of his life; the prosecutor has requested a six-year jail sentence of a maximum of 14 possible years. Relatively soft cases and sentences attract national attention. The judge in this case, a Stanford graduate, faces a recall afterwards.
In February 2015, Elise Clougherty filed a lawsuit for sexual harassment and harassment of venture capitalist Joe Lonsdale. Lonsdale and Clougherty had a relationship in the spring of 2012 when he was a junior and he was his mentor on the Stanford entrepreneurship course. In the spring of 2013 Clougherty has broken ties and filed charges at Stanford that Lonsdale has violated Stanford's policy of consensual relationships between students and faculty and that he has sexually abused and harassed him, resulting in Lonsdale being banned from Stanford for 10 years. year. Lonsdale challenged Stanford's findings that he had sexually assaulted and abused him and Stanford canceled the invention and the campus ban in autumn 2015. Clougherty pulled his fall suit as well.
People
By the end of 2016, Stanford has 2,153 tenure teachers, senior colleagues, colleagues, and medical center faculty.
Award winning and bachelor
Stanford's current community of scholars includes:
- 19 Nobel Prize Winners (official count, 81 affiliates in total);
- 171 members of the National Academy of Sciences;
- 109 members of the National Engineering Academy;
- 76 members of the National Academy of Medicine;
- 288 members of the American Academy of Art and Science;
- 19 recipients of the National Medal of Science;
- 1 recipient of National Technology Medal;
- 4 recipients of the National Humanities Medal;
- 49 members of the American Philosophical Society;
- 56 people from the American Physics Society (since 1995);
- 4 Pulitzer Prize winners;
- 31 MacArthur Fellows;
- 4 winners of the Wolves Foundation Prize;
- 2 winners of the ACL Lifetime Achievement Award;
- 14 AAAI people;
- 2 Presidential Medal of Freedom winner.
Stanford's faculty and former faculty include 45 Nobel Prize winners, 5 Field Medalists as well as 14 winners of the Turing Award, called the "Nobel Prize in computer science", which comprises one-third of the awards given in 44 years of history. The university has 27 ACM colleagues. It is also affiliated with 4 GÃÆ'¶del Prize winners, 4 Knuth Award recipients, 10 IJCAI Computers and Thought Award winners, and about 15 Grace Murray Hopper Award winners for their work on a computer science basis. Stanford alumni have started many companies and, according to Forbes, have produced the second highest number of billionaires from all universities.
13 Stanford alumni have won the Nobel Prize. By 2016, 116 Stanford students or alumni have been named Rhodes Scholars. The other four are named in 2017.
See also
- List of colleges and universities in California
- S *, a collaboration between seven universities and the Karolinska Institute for bioinformatics and genomics training
Note
References
Further reading
- Lee Altenberg, Beyond Capitalism: Leland Stanford Forgotten Vision (Stanford Historical Society, 1990)
- Ronald N. Bracewell, Trees at Stanford and Environs (Stanford Historical Society, 2005)
- Ken Fenyo, The Daily Head of 100 Years of Stanford (2003-10-01) ISBN: 0-9743654-0-8
- Jean Fetter, Questions and Receipts: Reflection on 100,000 Decisions of Admission at Stanford (1997-07-01) ISBNÃ, 0-8047-3158-6
- Ricard Joncas, David Neumann, and Paul V. Turner. Stanford University. Campus Guides. Princeton Architectural Press, 2006. Available online.
- Stuart W. Leslie , Cold War and American Science: Military-Industrial-Academic Complex at MIT and Stanford , Columbia University 1994
- Rebecca S. Lowen, R. S. Lowen, Creating Cold War University: Stanford Transform , University of California Press 1997
External links
- Official website
- Stanford Athletics website
- Text on Wikisource:
- "Leland Stanford Jr. University". EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica (issue 11). 1911.
- "Leland Stanford Junior University". Encyclopedia Americana . 1920.
- "Leland Stanford, Junior, University". The New Encyclopedia of Collier . 1921.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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