A brownie (Lowland), also known as brÃÆ'¹naidh , ÃÆ'¹ruisg , or gruagach (Scottish Gaelic), is a mystical household spirit of British and Scottish folklore. Brownies are very popular in the North. In this area, brownies are usually mixed with placemat. Brownie is a Scottish and Northern English partner of Scandinavia tomte , Slavic domovoi and German HeinzelmÃÆ'¤nnchen .
Video Brownie (folklore)
Tradition
In folklore, brownie resembles a hob, similar to a hobgoblin. Thomas Keightley described the brownie as "a small, wrinkled face figure, covered with short curly brown hair, and wearing a brown coat and veil".
Brownies are said to inhabit homes and help with tasks around the house, such as getting rid of spiders. However, they do not like to be seen and will only work at night, traditionally in exchange for small gifts of food. Among the food, they mainly enjoy porridge, honey, butter, and cream. They usually leave the house if their gift is called a payment, or if the home owner misuses it. Brownies make their homes in unused parts of the house, often in attics and holes in walls.
Every noble house has ÃÆ'¹ruisg , and in the kitchen, near the fireplace is the seat, which is left empty for him. A house on the banks of the Tay River even as early as the twentieth century is believed to have been haunted by such sprites, and one room in the house for centuries is called " SeÃÆ'²mar BhrÃÆ'¹naidh " (Brownie Room).
In 1703, John Brand wrote in his account of Shetland that:
Not more than forty or fifty years ago, every family had brownies, or the so-called evil spirits, who served them, where they sacrificed for their ministry; as when they stirred their milk, they took their share, and sprinkled every corner of the house with it, for Brownie's use; likewise, when brewed they have a stone they call "Brownie stane", where there is a small hole where they pour some wort for sacrifices to Brownie. They also have some piles of corn, which they call Brownie Piles, which, although they are not tied to straw ropes, or in any way fenced like other piles before, but the greatest wind storm can not fly the hay. from them.
Brownies rarely talk to humans, but they often hold conversation and love each other. They also have common assemblies, usually held on secluded and rocky beaches. In certain areas of the Scottish Highlands, "Peallaidh of the Spout", "Stochdail a 'ChÃÆ'¹irt", and "BrÃÆ'¹naidh an Easain" (Brownie from the small waterfall) are the names of the congressional records. According to Scottish topographist William J. Watson, every stream in Breadalbane has once, and their king is Peallaidh. (The name Peallaidh is stored in "Obair Pheallaidh", known in English as "Aberfeldy".) It is probable that the ÃÆ'¹ruisg is combined with water sprites, or ÃÆ'¹ruisg originally a sprite water combined with brownies.
Another name used by domestic spirits in some parts of Scotland is Shellycoat, whose origins are uncertain.
Maps Brownie (folklore)
Regional variant
Folklorist John Gregorson Campbell distinguishes between English brownie, living in homes, and Scottish ÃÆ'¹ruisg or urisk , living outside in rivers and waterfalls and tending to offer domestic help. The ÃÆ'¹ruisg enjoys solitude in certain seasons of the year. Around the end of the harvest season, she becomes more friendly, and hovers around the fields, stables and cattle homes. She enjoys dairy products, and tends to bother the milkmen, who make milk or cream regularly to lure her, or to get her help. He is usually only seen by people who have second vision, although there are occasions when he makes himself visible to ordinary people as well. She is said to be very jovial and handsome, with flowing yellow hair, wearing a wide blue hat and carrying long running staff.
Anglo-Scottish Scottish folklore also includes a figure, "Billy Blind" or "Billy Blin", similar to a brownie, but only mentioned in ballads. A stove comes from the Scottish Borders and the north of England, while owls, lob or lob lie-by-the-fire are variants of English.
The Kilmoulis are similar creatures that are often said to inhabit the factory. Killmoulis's physical appearance is said to be very different from brownies due to the fact that Killmoulis is said to have a remarkable nose that covers most of his face and is said to have no mouth.
The fenodyree is a household spirit featured in folklore from the Isle of Man with attributes similar to brownies. The fenodyree, however, is somewhat different from brownies because it is usually described as being covered from head-to-toe in thick, wool hair.
Jack o 'bowl is a household spirit of Swiss folklore that is very similar to a brownie.
Modern culture
- The 19th century saw the growth and plurality of children's literature, which often combined fantasy. Juliana Horatia Ewing incorporated folklore into her work in 1871 about The Brownies and other Stories with brownies and lob-lie-the-fire. George MacDonald incorporates features of Scottish brownie knowledge in his nineteenth-century work The Princess and the Goblin and Sir Gibbie - his brownies have no fingers in their hands.
- Brownies appeared in the 1988 movie Willow (their names are Franjean and Rool).
- Cleveland Browns, a team at the National Football League, featuring brownie as one of their alternative mascots and logos. St Louis Browns, the Major League Baseball team who moved to Baltimore in 1954 and became the Baltimore Orioles, adopted the brownie as their logo from 1952-1953.
- The differentiated brownie (a cat-like creature with two to four arms, who enjoys mushrooms) is in Dragon Rider's book by Cornelia Funke.
- The basis of House-elves in popular books and the Harry Potter film series comes from folklore about Brownies. "Dobby" is used both for home elves and as a name for brownies in Yorkshire, and "Mr Dobbs" in Sussex.
- In the popular children's book series, The Spiderwick Chronicles , there is a brownie named Thimbletack who dwells in Spiderwick's house and turns into a boggart when angry./li>
- Big Ear is the character from the book series Noddy by Enid Blyton and is described as a brownie.
- Louisa May Alcott Lulu Library Includes Brownies in Lilybell and Thistledown, aka Sleeping Beauty Fairy . The Brownies are featured as the best figures who are still not above punishing those who violate their rules.
- In Dust of My Wings (Dante's Circle # 1) by Carrie Ann Ryan, the main female character, Lily Banner is revealed to be a brownie, a supernatural being with a golden leather.
- The Bruce Coville Book Diary of Mad Brownie is about a brownie named Angus who left Nature Enchanted and moves with a modern family.
- Silky , the supporting character of The Ancient Magus' Bride, was a Brownie who was once a Banshee whose clan was dead.
- In the book Chime by Franny Billingsley, the previous companion of the narrator and main character Briony Larkin is a brownie, who is banished from his home. It has a different "mint and apple" aroma.
- In Merry Gentry's book series by Laurell K. Hamilton, Merry's Gran is a Brownie. She is never enough (less than) to make her happy as a couple or her child. He runs Bed and Breakfast from both Unseelie and Seelie courts.
- "Tandy's Story" by Theodore Sturgeon is a science fiction interpretation of brownie folklore.
- In the 1967 science fiction novel of Clifford D. Listen, The Werewolf Principle, a peaceful alien species has moved into Earth's future forest and takes the name (and certain aspects of the role) of brownies myth.
- Arthur Stilwell, founder of Port Arthur, Texas, has long argued that "brownies" helped him in his business and personal life and city planning.
- The eyebrows, the housekeeper in the young adult series A Court of Mist and Fury, are called urisk, though more like brownie English.
See also
- Fablehaven
- Fairy
- Changeling
- Midsummer Night's Dream (movie 1935)
References
- This article incorporates the text of "Dictionary Gaelic Dictionary [Scotland]" (1911) . (ÃÆ' â "¢ ruisg) with corrections and additions.
External links
- Towrie, Sigurd. "The Copinsay Brownie", Orkneyjar
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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