A cleaning drain is a chemical-based consumer product that releases sewer pipes or helps prevent blocked drains. The term may also refer to an individual performing activity with a chemical duct cleaner or device known as a plumber snake. Channel cleaners can be classified into two categories: either chemical or mechanical.
- If a sink, toilet, or tub or drain is clogged, the first option is usually a duct cleaner that removes soft barriers such as hair and oil slippage that can accumulate near the interior drain. Chemical duct cleaners, plungers, hand-drain drainers, air duct cleaners and home-cleaning ducers are intended for this purpose.
- If more than one plumbing fixtures are blocked, the first option is usually a duct cleaner that can remove the soft or hard barrier along the channel length, from the drain through the main drain to the lateral pipe outside the building. Electrical and sewer cleaners are intended for this purpose.
Each type of drain cleaner has the advantages, disadvantages, and security considerations as described below.
Video Drain cleaner
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Chemical line cleaners may be solid or liquid form available through hardware stores, although some (especially acidic ones) are intended for use by licensed plumbers.
Alkaline alkaline cleaners are available in solid or liquid while acidic is usually liquid.
History
The history of sewer cleaners must share the evolution of the sewer system itself, so there is no long history of cleanliness in the US, since the city pipeline system was not available in American middle class houses until the early 20th century. century. Prior to this time, Americans often dispose of the dirty water collected in the basin after use. The limited piping system was gradually developed with lead ingredients, but after World War I when the toxic nature of tin became more popular, piping was reconstructed with galvanized iron.
Galvanized Iron is actually a steel covered by a protective layer of zinc, but it was soon discovered that this zinc coating was naturally corroded by exposure to atmospheres and rainwater, as well as cement, runoff, etc. After corrosion occurs to the base metals, plaque and rust will form, leading to the formation of sediments that will gradually clog up these waterways. So, the first motivation for a water purifier comes up.
The fight against corrosion of galvanized iron pipes eventually led to replacements by copper or plastic (PVC) piping by the 1960s. Copper and plastics do not have a zinc coating that naturally corrodes to expose base metals to decay. However, however, natural ingredients such as hair, oil, or other oils continue to be a problem in drain drainage, and hence, the development of more effective chemical duct cleaners becomes necessary.
Alkaline channel opener
The alkaline channel opening is primarily containing sodium hydroxide (alkali) and some may contain potassium hydroxide. They may appear in liquid or solid form.
Formulations of corrosive alkaline solid soil cleaners comprise of caustic substances (often sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), aluminum particles, and 'additives'. These additives often include wetting agents such as alkyl aryl sulphonates, but the exact nature of these additives is not known for commercial sewer cleaners, as they are considered to be trade secrets that make each cleaning unique to its brand.
The aluminum granules included in the solid caustic cleaning fluid are damaged aluminum oxide and reoxidized to release hydrogen gas. The components of this reaction are shown below. Since the release of hydrogen gas as a whole is an exothermic reaction, the extra heat released helps break down fat, oil, etc. That makes up the blockage.
1. Perincian Oksida Aluminium: Al 2 O 3 2NaOH 3H 2 O -> 2Na [Al (OH) 4 ]
2. Oksidasi logam Aluminium: 2Al 2NaOH 6H 2 O -> 2Na [Al (OH) 4 ] 3H 2
The true details of the blockages occur by reaction with basic sodium hydroxide (alkali). Clogs are often made up of natural ingredients such as hair, fat, oil, etc. And the damage occurs through the saponification reaction of the base and triglycerol. Basically, the hydroxide ions from the basic alkali invade carbonyl carbon from fat, which finally releases the hydrophobic tail of triglycerides (tristearin/fat) to isolate glycerol.
Alkaline channel opener can dissolve hair (containing protein) and fat in the pipes through alkaline hydrolysis of their amides and esters: -> NH 3 RCOO 2 (amide or protein)/dd>
Because the solid alkali is hygroscopic, it is very important that the denser granules are placed directly near the blockage. Otherwise, the alkali itself will absorb water and actually create the mass itself, exacerbating the problem of blockage.
The formulation of a corrosive alkali cleanser fluid may contain sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and alkali (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) in concentrations up to 50 percent. Another corrosive mixture comes as a two-part cleaning mixer when poured in the channel opening. Inside the channel, the two solutions react to release the gas, and the surfactants trap the gas as solid foam. The purpose of this foaming action is to coat the inside of the pipe to remove more substances that make up the blockage. Since liquid alkaline drainage is essentially a water-soluble base, it is denser than water and can sink to a source of blockage.
acid channel opener
Acid channel cleaners usually contain sulfuric acid at high concentrations. It can dissolve cellulose, proteins such as hair, and fat through acid hydrolysis.
According to the manufacturer, potential hazards include harsh reactions with water and explosive hydrogen vapor production after contact with most metals; Chronic (delayed) and acute (immediate) health hazards if inhaled, swallowed or contacted, including severe eyes, skin and burns or even loss of permanent vision, respiratory inflammation, and corrosive burns to all human tissues. It can even be fatal if swallowed. Due to the strong reaction between acid and water, the acid channel opener must be added slowly into the pipe for cleaning.
Here are the ways in which acid channel openers (in very high concentrations) hydrolyze proteins and fats through acid hydrolysis, similar to their alkaline versions mentioned above:
- RCONH 2 (amide or protein) H 2 O (H or sour) -> NH 4 RCOOH
- RCO 2 R '(esters or fats) H 2 O acids or dehydration agents (eg sulfuric acid). RCO 2 H R'OH
Sulfuric acid at high concentrations in the cavity also dehydrates carbohydrate-containing substances, such as tissue paper comprising cellulose:
- ( C
6 H
10 O
5 n acid -> 6 n C 5 n H
2 O
Dangers and Considerations of Use
The advantages of chemical duct cleaners include the availability of ready-made formulations through retail stores and the potential for ease of use to remove soft hair and clogged fat that accumulate closing the drain.
Losses from chemical duct cleaners include a lack of effectiveness to remove clogs away from channel opening (eg, clogs occurring in the toilet or in the main drain), inability to remove the most powerful barrier, and safety considerations outlined below.
Dangers arise from the potential of chemical duct cleaners to injure the eyes, lungs, and skin; and damage to clothing and household materials such as wood, paint, aluminum, and fiberglass. Chemical line cleaners should be used only in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, as other uses may cause injury. Highly corrosive and acid channel cleaners are among the most dangerous household products available to the public. Chemical line cleaners can cause a strong reaction - sometimes explosively - with other chemicals that may have been used before, which can result in serious injury to anyone around them. In one such incident, a five-year-old boy was left scratched for life after an acid leaking liquid leaked through the ceiling of his room while he slept.
A powerful Alkali Cleaner Cleaner is equally capable of causing severe and severe burns, as seen in the case of a woman doused with an alkaline solution in an attack. A small girl is also permanently deformed by a common alkaline spout opener. In addition, since acid or base line cleaners are themselves washed into the sewer, this contributes to pollution in the water supply. The heat generator can also soften the plastic PVC pipe, and pressure buildup by gas generation can cause the older pipe to burst. Commercial chemical-based solutions can cause corrosion and other damage to your pipes and sewer
Often, individuals may unknowingly mix two types of channel cleaners, which can even cause lethal results. For example, consider mixing acid and base drain cleaners:
oSulfuric Acid Sodium Hydroxide (base) -> sodium sulfate (garam) air
H 2 SO 4 2 NaOH -> Na 2 SO 4 2H 2 O
The acid and base neutralization reaction may appear harmless, but in reality this reaction is very exothermic and can cause the pipe to explode greatly. Consider another example of mixing, this time between acid and bleach drain cleaners:
Bleach ohydrochloric acid -> chlorine gas table salt water
2HCl NaClO -> H 2 O NaCl Cl 2
This reaction produces chlorine gas, commonly known as toxicity.
Maps Drain cleaner
Augress draining handheld
Augers of handheld channels are typically designed to clear parts of the drain within 8 meters (25Ã, ft) of the channel opening. The handheld auger cable is pushed into the drain by a mechanical force created when the operator rotates the drum that anchors the cable.
Many handheld augers have wires that are thin enough to pass through a common sink trap, although some manufacturers do not advocate the use of handheld augers in toilets because of their potential to scratch the surface of the tiles. Instead, special auger cabinets (from "water closets") should be used.
Similar to a hand-held auger, the channel bar can be used to clear the blockages in long and straight pipes.
Advantages of handset augers include relatively low cost and availability ready via hardware store. However, weaknesses include a normally limited range of up to 8 meters (25 feet), and the potential for rotating wires to scratch the surface of the pipe fixture. They are also effective only on small diameter pipes - 40-50 mm rather than 110 mm main drain pipes.
Security considerations include requirements for wearing protective gloves and eye protection, and to practice good hygiene after contact with discharge liquids.
Water drain drain cleaners
Water drain drain cleaners use accelerated carbon dioxide, air or other gases to break the clogs. The accelerated gas creates forces in a pool of water that can release clogs that accumulate near the sewer.
The advantages of an exploding airway cleaner include the potential for immediate cleaning of plugs and slow drainage, in contrast to chemical cleaners that can take more time to work. Air-blown cleaners can remove a further barrier from the drain outlet than a plunger, and unlike the drill drain does not risk scratching the surface of the tiles from the sinks, bathtubs, and toilets.
The deficiencies in air duct cleaning burst include a limited clearance range in a pipe that does not contain puddles and, in general, ineffectiveness for main sewer channels that are not blocked.
Safety considerations for explosive airway cleaners include requirements for wearing eye protection and, when using air blast cleaners that use compressed gas cartridges, careful handling of unused cartridges.
House cleaner cleaners
Householder cleaning cleaners include boiling water poured into the sewer to clean soap and hair clogs; or, baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is poured into the duct, followed by vinegar.
The often recommended home remedies from a mixture of baking soda (weak base) and vinegar (weak acid) are not effective but less harmful. The use of baking soda to soap the fat on the line, followed by vinegar to neutralize just fine, but usually ineffective. It takes alkaline power to convert the fat of vegetables or animals into soap. The use of strong agents together, eg alkali (sodium hydroxide) and hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is a bad strategy. The two agents are not complementary, but neutralizing each other makes the combination ineffective. The mixture will produce a lot of heat, which can destroy the pipe. Certain combinations are dangerous. Acid and bleach (base) will make chlorine gas.
The advantages of home cleaning duct cleaners include ready availability and environmental safety, although they are limited in effectiveness compared to other sewer cleaners.
Boiling water is not recommended. Boiling water (212Ã, Â ° F (100Ã, Â ° C)) exceeds Vicat hardness (thermal deformation temperature) of the PVC drain (65 ° C, 149 ° F (149 ° F)). It can melt the wax ring where the toilet is installed.
Safety considerations for home cleaning duct cleaners include requirements for handling materials (eg, alkali) with appropriate treatment.
Hydro-mechanical drain cleaners
Hydro-mechanical cleaning clears using high pressure water to break the barrier and flush these smaller particles into drainage.
Most urban building codes mandate to drain pipes of increasing diameter as they move closer to the city's sewer system. IE, most kitchen sinks drain water with 1 1 / 2 -inch drain pipe, which goes into a larger 4 inches pipe in the main pipe pile before heading to the septic tank or municipal waste disposal system. This means that, intrusion restrictions by tree roots or other debris into buried pipes, most drainage of household sewers occur in the smallest diameter pipes, usually in pop-up or drain traps, where they can be easily reached by hydro hose mechanical water device.
The advantages of hydro-mechanical channel cleaners are their eco-friendly (mostly tap water only), their ability to remove and remove trays such as sand or cat feces that are recharged while using conventional snakes, and their hospitality for pipe connections. Unlike an air-exploded cleaner, hydro-mechanical duct cleaners do not push the pipe connections. In some hydro-mechanical drainage models, hot and cold water can be used, providing additional cleaning power for fats, proteins, or other melting oyster melting.
Disadvantages of hydro-mechanical channel cleaners include limited reach to drainage channels, and the need for water sources to act as motive agents.
Safety considerations for hydro-mechanical channel cleaners include the risk of injury due to high water pressure in contact with the skin or delicate body areas (ie, eyes, and face).
Power line cleaner
Electrical line cleaners , also called plumber snakes, use the mechanical strength of an electric motor to rotate the flexible cord or spring in a clockwise direction and push it into the pipe. Electrical line cleaners are generally available with cable lengths up to 40 meters and can reach up to 80 meters.
The advantages of electric line cleaners include the ability to clean long sections of the sewer, the ability to remove solid objects such as tree roots and jewelry, and ready availability via hardware stores and equipment rental counter. Engines using springs can easily negotiate several 90 degree bends while maintaining their effectiveness and without damaging the pipeline.
Disadvantages of electric line cleaners include the relatively high cost and weight, and considerable physical effort that may be required to control the cables.
Safety considerations for electric line cleaners include requirements for wearing working gloves and eye protection, for careful control of the cables during operation to avoid excessive pressure, to use proper precautions when working around a rotating engine, and to use electrical outlets that are properly grounded.
Sewer jetters
Sewer jetting is a high-powered water drainage process through a sewer, down to a sewer to blow up debris blocking the flow of water. This is more effective than using a snake, a knife, or even a drain rod because, first water is shot at high intensity so that this style is not even comparable to manual work, both water are much more capable of bent bends. or a corner pipe to reach all the narrow dots.
A sewer jacket consists of a controlled high pressure water source such as a pressure washer or reciprocating displacement pump, a flexible high pressure line (called a jetter hose connecting a high-pressure engine to a mini-reel) up to hundreds of meters ( several hundred feet) long, the Mini-Reel (a hose that can be taken from the engine) and a nozzle that uses hydraulic force to draw a line to a sewer drain, clean the sides of the pipe, and discard the residue. High-pressure pipelines can be mounted on trolleys, inside vans or in trailers. Jet gutter strengths range from 1,000 psi (68 atm) to 5,000 psi (340 atm). Jet nozzle disposal channels come in a variety of sizes and applications; a bullet-type nozzle with a sleek profile can clear the hole for larger root cutting nozzles. The root cutting nozzle is designed to cut the roots with a spinning nozzle that fires jet streams horizontally inside the pipe. High-pressure pipelines with root cutting nozzles can clear the hole through the center of the blocked root canal and with the rear jet stream cutting off the roots and cleaning the pipe wall, removing root residues through the drain. The sewer jetter has been labeled as a technological advancement of the plumbing clearance method of a plumber (also known as an electric eel).
portable drain dumps and jetter sewerage washer equipment are mainly used by service personnel and homeowners to remove soft barriers along the drainage channels and to prevent recurrence of clogs by cleaning the sides pipe disposal and disposing of residue. Jetter pressure washer equipment is generally lower in cost and weight than an equivalent range of electric line cleaners, and may present a lower risk for scratching pipes.
Truck and trailer disposal lines used by municipalities and large service companies benefit from high hydraulic horsepower delivered by very strong displacement pumps that can remove tree roots and other solid barriers.
The advantages of sewer connections include the relative ease of penetrating long drainage channels and the ability to remove accumulated residues along the side of the sewer pipe, thereby reducing the need for subsequent cleaning of the conduit.
Disadvantages of attachment washer sewer jetter attachments and many portable jetters include inability to extract tree roots and other hard barriers. Disadvantages of anchored sewer and trailer ducts include relatively high costs and weights, and requirements for extensive training to comply with plant safety guidelines.
Safety considerations for sewerage include requirements for wearing protective and eye protection gloves, to avoid contact with drainage fluids, and to ensure that jet nozzles operate only in sewer pipes. In addition, larger truck and trailer units operating with sufficient power to cut down tree roots require extensive training and strict adherence to plant safety guidelines to avoid serious injury.
Enzyme cleanser
Enzymatic cleanser contains bacterial cultures and concentrated enzymes that react with organic residues formed in sewer pipes, dissolving residues to help prevent slow drainage. Most drainage drain cleaners are intended for general maintenance to maintain proper flow and are not intended to clean fully clogged drain pipes.
The advantages of enzyme channel cleaners include relative safety for use in a variety of pipeline equipment, low environmental impact, low cost and ease of use.
The disadvantages of most enzyme channel cleaners include a longer cleaning time compared to most other sewer cleaners. Since enzymatic cleaners depend on fluids flowing through the pipes to disperse, they are also generally not intended to open completely blocked channels.
Safety considerations for enzyme channel cleaners include requirements to avoid prolonged contact with eyes and prolonged contact with the skin.
A 1997 blind study of 48 septic systems with three additives, The Effect of Bacterial Additives on Septic Tank Performance did not find statistically significant differences in the performance of untreated systems, including the buildup of mud and garbage.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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