A road sweeper or a street cleaner may refer to a person's job, or a machine cleaning the streets. A street sweeper cleans the streets, usually in urban areas.
Street sweepers have been employed in cities since sanitation and the destruction of waste is a priority. The person who sweeps the road will use a broom and a shovel to clean up the garbage, animal dung and dirt that pile up on the streets. Then, a water hose is used to wash the road.
Machines were created in the 19th century to do the job more efficiently. Today, modern road sweepers are mounted on truck bodies and can suck up debris piling up in the streets.
Video Street sweeper
History
Mechanical sweepers in the United Kingdom
In the 1840s, Manchester, England, has been known as the first industrial city. Manchester is home to the world's first passenger train service and has one of the largest textile industries of the time. As a result, a strong metropolis is said to be an unhealthy place in Britain to live. In response to this unhealthy environment, Joseph Whitworth created a mechanical road sweeper. Street sweepers are designed with the ultimate goal of removing waste from the streets to maintain aesthetic and security objectives.
Mechanical sweepers in the United States
The first street patented street sweeper was patented in 1849 by its inventor, C.S. Bishop. For a long time, the only road sweeper spun the disc covered with rough wire. This rotating disk serves as a mechanical broom that wipes dirt on the streets.
A common misconception is that Charles Brooks created a street sweeper in America in 1896. Brooks's design, far from being the "first street sweeper," is just a variation of what's already there, and patents for it among the more than 300 road sweepers patents issued in the United States before 1900. Most 19th-century sweepers, including those in the Brooks patent, are engine-free riders on board. The wheels on the carts twisted teeth or chains that pushed the brush and belt. The first US patented self-propelled sweeper vehicle, powered by a steam engine and intended to clean patented railroads in 1868, patent # 79606. Eureka C. Bowne was the first woman known to have patents for street sweepers in 1879, patent # 222447. "His success is remarkable," Matilda Joslyn Gage wrote in The North American Review, Volume 136, Issue 318, May 1883.
John M. Murphy called at the American Tower and Tank Company offices in Elgin, Illinois, in the fall of 1911. He had plans to become a motor-driven pickup. The American Tower and Tank Company was formed in 1903 by Charles A. Whiting and James Todd. They called the recently acquired silent partner, Daniel M. Todd, and it was decided to employ Mr. Murphy and begin the development of his idea. It started what had become the Elgin Sweeper Company.
After two years of experimentation, development, experimentation and research, the sweeper successfully achieved, where Murphy satisfied all the sweeping functions in the way he imagined - one that partnered with James and Daniel M. Todd and Charles A. Whiting was willing to risk reputation which is obtained from 30 years of manufacturing experience.
In the fall of 1913, Boise Town, Idaho, bought the first Elgin Sweeper, following a demonstration. Boise Street commissioner Thomas Finegan made a comparison showing a $ 2,716.77 savings from Elgin motorcycle sweepers when used rather than a horse sweeper.
After its initial introduction and sale, John M. Murphy continues the perfection of his sweeper. In 1917, a US patent was filed and a problem for J. M. Murphy, the machine of Street Sweeping # 1,239,293.
Technological advancements
The purpose of deleting simple debris remained unchanged until the 1970s, when policymakers began to reflect concern for water quality. In the United States, the lag time in which road sweepers respond can point to the 1998 Runoff Report. Because older road sweepers are only effective in removing large debris particles, small particles of debris remain large in number. Residual remains are not seen as an aesthetic problem because the rain will clean it up. Today, small particles are known to carry most of the burden of stormwater pollutants.
Sweeping the road can be an effective step in reducing pollutants in stormwater runoff. The Environmental Protection Agency considers the best practice of sweeping the road in protecting water quality.
Maps Street sweeper
Modern sweeper
New road sweepers are able to collect small particles of debris. Many street sweepers manufactured today are PM10 certified, meaning that they are able to collect and hold particles less than 10 m in size. Despite advances in road sweeping technology, mechanical broom type sweepers account for about 90 percent of all street sweepers used in the United States today.
Modern road sweepers are equipped with water tanks and sprayers are used to loosen particles and reduce dust. The brooms collect debris into the main collection area from which it is sucked and pumped into a collection of bin or hopper.
A regenerative air sweeper uses forced air to create a swirling effect inside the sweeping head that is contained and then uses a negative pressure on the suction side to place the road debris inside the hopper. The debris is removed from the air by centrifugal separation, keeping the particles in the hopper. Many regenerative air purifiers are AQMD certified by their manufacturers and can take particles as small as 10 micrometers or less (PM10), the main cause of stormwater pollution.
But modern regenerative air sweepers face the challenge of noise levels due to the fact that regenerative air sweepers require additional machines to power the vacuum pumps needed to create negative pressure to place the debris into a hopper.
Modern machines can cost US $ 300,000 and a large city can move more than 18,000 tons of material per year through the sweeper's fleet. If the sweepers are not well maintained, modern sweepers can have very poor cleaning performance.
Modern broom in Asia
Sweeping manufacturers in Asia have also developed less sophisticated mechanical and regenerative air-sweepers that are different in designs with American and European sweepers. China and Taiwan have adjusted mechanical sweep designs using two main brooms mounted vertically behind the hopper to bring debris into the hopper. This design is more complicated and more cost-effective than the belt and mechanical broom arrangements.
See also
References
External links
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Page, Walter Hines; Page, Arthur Wilson (April 1916). "The Man And The Engine: The Motorcycle Sweeper". World Work: Our Time History . XXXI : 694 . Retrieved 2009-08-04 . Ã,
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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