Carpets are arts and crafts where the carpet is made by pulling yarns or fabric through the base of rigid wicker like warp, linen, or carpets. The loop is pulled through the backing material by using a crochet type hook mounted on a handle (usually wood) for the leverage. Instead the hook hook uses a hinged hook to form a stacked pile of short pieces, pre-cut pieces.
Pieces of wool with sizes ranging from 3/32 to 10/32 inches (2 to 8 mm) in width are often used to make carpets or hooked wall hangings. This precision strip is usually cut using mechanical slitter fabric; However, the strip can also be hand cut or torn. When using hand torn techniques, carpets are usually made with primitive motifs.
Designs for carpets are often commercially produced and can be as complex as flowers or animals as simple as geometry. Carpet-hooking has been popular in North America for at least the past 200 years.
Video Rug hooking
Riwayat hooking karpet
Author William Winthrop Kent believes that the earliest ancestor of tapestry is a mat made in Yorkshire, England, at the beginning of the 19th century. Workers in the weaving factory are allowed to collect thrums , pieces of yarn 9 inches (23 cm) long. This byproduct is useless for grinding, and the weavers take them home and pull thrum through support. The origins of ancient thrum words, such as Mr. Kent points out a reference at Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor. However, in the publication "Rag Rug Making" by Jenni Stuart-Anderson, ISBN 978-1-900371-53-7, Stuart-Anderson states that recent research shows "... the technique of linking wool loops through fabric bases used by Viking his family may take him to Scotland. "To add to this there are real examples at the People's Museum in Guernsey, Channel Islands, that the original cloth rugs were made in the same way that they were produced off the coast of France as well.
Rug hooking as we know it today may have evolved in North America, particularly along the Eastern Seaboard in New England in the United States, the Canadian Maritimes, and Newfoundland and Labrador. In the early years, carpet hooks were a craft of poverty. Vogue for floor coverings in the United States emerged after 1830 when factories produced artificial tapestries for the rich. Poor women began to search their used bags for materials used in making homemade floor coverings. Women use whatever material they have. Girls from wealthy families are sent to school to learn embroidery and quilting; making floor and mat rugs are never part of the curriculum. Another sign that links the hobby of the poor is the fact that the popular women's magazines of the nineteenth century have never written about carpet hooks. It is considered a craft of the country in the days when the word state, used in this context, is insulting. The making of carpets or mats currently sometimes referred to has been labeled in Canada as fine art.
Because linking is a craft of poverty, carpet makers use whatever materials are available. Antique horned carpets were made on a burlap after 1850 because the burlap was free as long as the used rye bags and old food. Any and every fiber flake that is no longer used as a garment is inserted into the carpet. In the United States, threads are not the fiber of choice if one does not have access to thrums. Yarn is too precious, and must be kept for knitting and weaving. Instead of the tradition of using pieces of fabric to evolve. Yarn and other materials used creatively are always used for carpet hooks in the Canadian Maritimes. The famous Cheticamp-hooked rugs use spun fine threads and highly collectible Grenfell carpets are highly adrift with recycled shirts. Everything from cotton T-shirts to nylon stockings is cut and used.
The Grenfell mission had set the standard for associating with silk stockings as early as 1916. Pearl McGown, who worked under Mrs. Saunders in the 1930s, has been credited with saving the craft from disappearing in the United States. Mrs. McGown popularized the guidelines for fine shade with wool using various dye methods, and inaugurated the study of carpet hooks. In 1950, after a very informative week of tapestries that linked with 15 other carpet-latchers, Mrs. McGown is approached to hold an annual Teacher Workshop to continue art studies, exchange ideas and support each other in delivering old and new techniques.. In 1951, the Teachers came together for Master's first Master McGown Workshop. This programming is based on using McGown Patterns, it becomes exclusive in recognizing the work and time spent Ny. McGown every year to keep the program. This tradition continues to live through the Teacher Certification and Training Program from Pearl K. McGown (see Pearl McGown link below). The workshop was sponsored by Honey Bee Hive Rug Hooking Patterns & amp; The equipment, which also carries the CHARCO and PRIMCO design patterns. Many of the world's best Hooking and Design artists have benefited from the support and lifelong friendships made through the McGown Program, including Joan Moshimer, Jane Olson, Gene Shephard, Eric Sandberg, Jane Nevins, Gail Dufresne and Michelle Miccarelli.
Discovery for Rook Hooking with Ease
In the 1930s, the carpeting craft that hooked spread to Denmark where it developed. In 1939, Ernst Thomsen of HjÃÆ'¸rring in Denmark invented a very reliable hand-sewing machine for coating with yarn. Initially, it was made of brass but because it was not durable enough, they turned the material into stainless steel.
This tool has two advantages 1) the speed of the carpet hook makes it possible to create a carpet that can cover the floor at home. But also, as a side effect, people who start hooking the line do not get the same problem with their arms, hands, and shoulders that might be caused by traditional carpet hooks.
Despite the fact that "Danella" is already at the turn of the first year put up in 6,000 pieces, the war temporarily halts propagation. They were not in stock at the bank during the war. Ernst Thomsen was a banker and the transition to the manufacturer was not realized until 1950 where the Europeans got up and walked again.
Production was soon expanded to include carpet design. Patterns are printed on canvas and together with wool yarns; it's shipped to some 300 permanent embroidery stores in Denmark, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. There are also a large number of tools exported to France, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada. In the 1980s this method was imported into Japan and South Africa.
In 1949, the device was marketed under the name "Aladdin". About 10 years later, the needle returned a new name: "Danella". Ernst hired his artistic daughter, Jane Dyrdal to design the carpet. Daughter and daughter-in-law Ernst Thomsen, Jane and KÃÆ'  ¥ re Dyrdal took over the company in 1978 where Ernst died and they ran it until 1987, when they decided to sell it to a rug-hooking teacher named Sussi Lunden. Sussi Lunden runs Danella today in 2015 at Ulstrup farm because she has developed a business into an embroidery shop as well.
Maps Rug hooking
Wearing today's carpet
In recent decades, prostitutes have been following quilters in exploring new material and new techniques. These experiments, combined with knowledge and respect for the past, will enable carpet hooks to evolve and grow in the 21st century. Today's hooking rugs have evolved into two genres, which mainly fall into groups based on the width of wool strips used to make carpets: smooth hooking and primitive hooking.
Smooth hooking, in general, uses pieces of wool 1/32 to 5/32 inch wide. The design of the fine-cut hooking genre uses a finer shading done with overdyeing of wool on a graduated color swatch. The primitive (or wide) hooking uses a wool strip of 6/32 to 1/2 inch width. The hooking is wide-finished shading and highlights using textures in wool, such as plaids, checks, herringbones, etc. The design cuts are generally less detailed and mimic the innocence of carpet whores from the past. There are many famous commercial carpet designers and each showcased their own different styles and techniques. Some designers specialize in animals or strange subjects, others use special and identifiable coloring techniques, while others customize antique rugs for today's carpet tart or use various tools to achieve the subject they choose in their design. In addition to many commercially available patterns, many carpet tarts create their own design patterns. Modern People's Carpet Launchers currently include; Norm Batastini, NJ; Cheryl Bollenbach, CO; Maggie Bonanomi, MO; Barbara Carroll, PA; Gail Dufresne, NJ; Carla Fortney, CA; Sally Van Nuys OH; Jayne Hester, NY; Cynthia Norwood, TX; Deanne Fitzpatrick, NS; etc. There are many people like Magdalena Briner who create creative and original carpets.
The ATHA, Traditional Hooking Artist Association, was formed by a group of women who felt the rules of McGown Workshops (only original designs, McGown Patterns, CHARCO & PRIMCO DESIGNS allowed in carpet workshop events), were too strict and chose to form alternatives. In recent years, ATHA leadership reflects the importance of bringing together the most interested and dedicated people to encourage and support advanced creative endeavors. Attempts to create an ATHA teacher training program are greeted with warm enthusiasm. The McGown program allows instructors to form a solid foundation to continue creating at a consistently noticeable level on the newly revamped ATHA Newsletter page.
There are countless annual exhibits around the world featuring carpet hooks. One of the forthcoming is "Hooked Between Two Islands" The History of Hooked Carpets Between Newfoundland and Guernsey. The exhibition is scheduled for 2011 at Guernsey Folk and Costume Museum, Guernsey, Channel Islands sponsored by The National Trust of Guernsey and the Canadian Portrait Academy. The permanent collection of hooked carpets by Patty Yoder is currently installed at the Shelburne Museum in Vermont.
There's a carpet show held annually at Sauder Village in Archbold, Ohio featuring hundreds of carpets for a week in August each year. By 2016 there are 825 rugs on display, including a special exhibition in honor of Pearl McGown.
In the 1980s, Canadian artist Nancy Edell, found a carpet-hook after moving to Nova Scotia, located on the east coast of Canada. He introduced traditional ways into his surrealist, feminist art practice, using the medium to explore feminist utopian ideas, and gender space. She became one of many female artists (see Miriam Shapiro, Joyce Wieland) at the time to use what was considered a "feminine art" to explore and deconstruct a male-dominated art hierarchy.
Hookwatch
A hook hook is a tool and textile art of hooks. Hookwatches differ from traditional carpet hooks and locking hooks by physical bonding from yarn to canvas. Hookwatches were found in the nineteenth century with latch needles, in 20th century latch needles experienced many variations including hand tools used by craftsmen and craftsmen to make carpet hooks. While rug hooks use a jute or hessian cloth, the hook hooks use a special woven cloth. Canvas carpets range from 3.3 holes per inch (hpi) up to 5 hpi. This pattern may be stencilled to the canvas or work from a chart similar to the embroidery pattern. The yarn hook latch can be purchased before it is cut (usually 2.5 inches long) or in a spindle and cut to the desired length.
In his book "The Hooked Rug," published in 1930, American author William Winthrop Kent describes a rugmaking form "A canvas is used like a rougher cross-stitch canvas, which has every third great net. It is held on the knee or on the table The pieces of wool yarn are cut exactly the same length as a measuring device used by hooks or hooks on it and inserted in one hole and the next exit in the next row, as follows: the wool is held in the left hand and on the canvas, then duplicated and the double end slips over the hook, the catch is up or open.The hook is pulled out through the canvas towards the worker, the cut end is stored in the catch by this action down and securing the wool.This tool is then pushed forward through the woolen loop and captures both ends held in the left hand, then the loop is held in the left hand and has two ends pulled through it's with a hook. To pull out the hook and draw tightly both ends of the finished cut k no. It really is a pile of fabric and is known as the Turkish Carpet but it jumps from the hooking process because the hook previously used is a crochet hook shape. "
During the 1930s, carpet-wool hooks became a popular and written guide helping to standardize crafts. The heyday of the hooks in Britain was only after the Second World War and was dominated by several companies based near textile factories in northern England. Latch hooking is one of the activities available for recovery troops, hospital patients and residential care homes. Women's institutions get mass purchases discounts and make carpets for sale. In the 1970s and 1980s, synthetic yarns and wool/synthetic blends became popular, but carpet production was declining due to the availability of cheap imported carpets and to reduce leisure time. In the UK, the most famous hook-hook company is Readicut (their carpet fixtures are marketed via Shillcraft in North America). Patons and Baldwin invented the rotary "Patwin" wool cutter, but the Readicut went a step further and sold their threads in a previously cut bundle.
Hook tool
The hook-hook tool tracks its origin with the invention of the latch needle. Created in 1847, the latch needle is part of a knitting machine that wraps the yarn around the latch and pushes through the canvas before pulling it and tying the yarn to the canvas. In the 1920s, the tool was made by combining a hand hook with a hook.
Other uses
Hook hooks can be used instead of needle threads in crochet, but this is a niche use. Hook-mounting tools can also be used in the care and maintenance of dreads, with tools used to tighten hair after bathing or swimming.
Source
- William Winthrop Kent (1971). The Hooked Rug. The Tower Book. ISBN B0006D0DSK.
- Joel Kopp and Kate Kopp (1995). American Carpet and Sewed: Folk Art Underfoot. University of New Mexico Press. ISBNÃ, 0-8263-1616-6.
- Jessie A. Turbayne (1997). Hooked Rugs: History and Sustainable Traditions. Schiffer Publishing. ISBNÃ, 0-88740-370-0.
- Paula Laverty (2005). Silk Stocking Mats: Hooks Mats from Grenfell Mission. McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal. ISBNÃ, 978-0-7735-2506-1 ISBNÃ, 0-7735-2506-8
References
External links
- An archived audio interview with a traditional carpet tart from Labrador, Canada
- McGown Hookrafters Guild of the Pearl website
- North American Ruging Museum - Nova Scotia Canada
- Rug Hooking Magazine
- International Carpet Handhooking Association
- Hooked on Rugs - Museum of Canadian Civilization
- How to make a Hooked Carpet. (Kindle Edition) Sarah Nickerson
- How much wool do I need for a carpet hook? Sun and Wind Farm
- Hook Hooks
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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