Powai Lake is an artificial lake, located in Mumbai, in the Powai valley, where a Powai village with a group of huts exists. The suburb called Powai shares its name with the lake. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, one of India's premier scientific and technological institutions, lies to the east of the lake. Another well-known institution, the National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), is also located close to the lake. Residential complexes and luxury hotels are developed around the lake's outskirts. The population around the lake has increased significantly over the years.
When built, the lake has an area of ​​about 2.1 square kilometers (520 hectares) and the depth varies from about 3 meters (9.8 feet) (on the edges) to 12 meters (39 feet) at depth.
Lake Powai has experienced many stages of water quality degradation. The lake water used to supply drinking water to Mumbai has been declared unfit to drink. The lake is still a tourist attraction.
Video Powai Lake
History
Before the lake was built by the British, in 1799 AD, the land where the lake is now leased for an annual lease to Dr. Scott. After his death in 1816, the government took over the estate in 1826 and leased it to Framaji Kavasji, who later became vice president of the West Indian Agriculture and Horticulture Society after the lake was named when it was built in 1891.
The tributaries of the Mithi river, which serve the water needs of Powai village, were dammed in 1891, during the British period. Initially to supplement the water supply to the city of Bombay (now called Mumbai), by constructing two 10 m dams to store rainwater that flows from the lower slopes of the Western Ghats and rivers from the eastern and northeastern slopes of the hills. It was planned as an anti-starvation step, to the southeast of Lake Vihar (a much larger lake) also for water supply to the city of Mumbai. The scheme was taken at hand in 1889. Although it was completed within a year with an initial cost of more than Rs. 6.50,000 and started providing two million gallons of water per day, it had to be abandoned because of the hue and the call for water quality. Five lakh rupees were spent more on schemes in 1919 in an attempt to restore supplies at least to the suburbs but this, too, was provided with the development of Tansa works.
After the purpose of the drinking water supply was abandoned in the early 1890s, given the poor water quality due to pollution, water hyacinth and weed, untreated waste and large mud deposits, the lake was leased to the West Indian Fisheries Association, a quasi. government organizations, who use it for fish culture and fishing. Later, the Pontifical Presidential Association of Bombay was formed in 1936. In 1955, under the Transportation Enrollment Act of 1860, it was listed as the State Angling Association of Maharashtra (MSAA) and the lake is now under their control. Realizing the severity of environmental pollution, the MSAA has revised the constitution "to actively nurture, clean, develop, nurture and beautify the Environment at Powai Lake."
MSAA is now involved with
- removal of water hyacinth infestation
- supports research with the Department of Fisheries for the conservation of Indian mahaseer
- water quality analysis
- adds security.
Maps Powai Lake
Access
The lake is about 40 kilometers (25 miles) from downtown Mumbai by road and is approached via Kurla or via Santa Cruz and Andheri. Kanjurmarg on the Central Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway) from Mumbai Suburban Railway is the closest train station to the lake. The airport is also nearby.
Hydrology and water quality
It is reported that the average rainfall in Powai is about 2,540 millimeters (100 inches), and the lake overflows for about sixty days each year. An abundance of lakes flows into the Mithi River. A mud study conducted in 1995 estimated that 4,500 lakh cubic meters of sludge had been deposited on the lake since its construction. It supplies two million gallons of water to Bombay (now Mumbai) when it was built. After the construction of the Tansa dam and the construction of the reservoir, in 1892, Powai waters were used for irrigation. The lake drains a 6.61 km (<2>/2) catch (part of the Powai-Kanheri mountain range that also flows to adjacent Vihar Lake and Lake Tulsi). The dam, built in stone pairs has varying heights from 3 m to 6 m with the upper levels of dams stored in E.L. 58.5 m (with datum Town Hall). The Maharashtra government reported that due to eutrophication of lake water from untreated waste and garbage from nearby settlements and slum colonies, lake water is unfit for drinking water use. Therefore, the lake is now used for recreation, gardening, washing cattle and fishing. The lake water is also provided for the Aarey and Larsen colonies & amp; Toubro for non domestic use. Dissolved oxygen (DO) levels at the bottom of the lake are reported to be 0.71 mg/liter and on the surface of 4.11 mg/liter, the mean values ​​of pH 7.2 and COD are 42.70 mg/liter on the surface and 119 mg/liter at the bottom of the lake.
Lake Rejuvenation
Appreciating the sinking problem, the growth of water hyacinth, weeds and eutrophication of lakes, the Bombay IIT Class of 1980 launched "Powai Lake Revitalization" with the aim of restoring the lake to its original and sustainable form by adopting Eco design and friendly materials for restoration work.
Some of the tasks proposed to be made with funds donated by IIT, Bombay include:
- Eliminate water hyacinth and weeds from the lake in parts closest to the campus
- Start publicity and awareness programs in the area
- Build embankments, pedestrian paths and lanes to the lake
- Build a large gazebo for the night (or morning or afternoon) by the lake
- Plant trees, and create parks
- Docked, installed boats and canoes
- Allocate funds for annual care
The project is proposed to be professionally managed with project managers working under IIT Bombay's direction with "Supervisory Committee" to monitor the goals set for restoration work.
In 1995, the National Lakes Conservation Plan (NLCP) of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoE & F), the Government of India, reviewed the condition of Lake Powai and included Lake in the list of ten major lakes in the country for revival. and repair. The NLCP-funded revival/revival program, launched in April 2002, and implemented by Bombay Municipal Corporation (BMC) is now called Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), the Government of Maharashtra and as a result the status of the lake has undergone a major shift from hypertrophic conditions to mesotropic conditions by adopting new aeration and bioremediation techniques. It has produced lakes that are used for fishing and recreational purposes.
Project desilting
The water depth of the lake is reported to have been reduced to only 0.33 meters (1.1 feet) in some locations, due to the large flow of waste, domestic wastewater and silt sludge from surrounding residential and industrial areas.
Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has planned to destroy Lake Powai at a cost of US $ 9 million.
Fauna
Many crocodiles have been seen on the lake side. White king king, little blue kingfisher bird, locally billed duck, leopard dove, some purple swamp, purple sunbirds, orange winged bronze and bird tails, prinias ashy, brahmana kites, red vented, red whiskers and white nightingale , cormorant, low whistling ducks, gray, purple and stork Indian ponds, little, medium herons and big herons, peregrine hawks, bigger parkas, rose-ringed and Alexandrine, Eurasian marsh harrier (possibly winter visitors), hairy wool stork wrinkles (winter visitors) and beaver mustaches. butterflies, honey bees, bees and beetles have also been seen.
Flora
Balsam bushes, in their full bloom, in pink-purple colors are visible around the edges of the lake, like a carpet.
Views of Lake Powai
References
External links
- Powai Community Newsletter
- Satellite image of Powai Lake on Google Maps
- Powai Temple
- All Info in powai is categorized
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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