Oven is a thermally insulated chamber used to heat, roast, or dry a substance, and is most often used for cooking. Kilns and stoves are special purpose ovens, used in pottery and metalworking, respectively.
Video Oven
Histori
The earliest ovens were found in Central Europe, and dated 29,000 BC. They bake and boil the holes in the yurts used for cooking mammoths. In Ukraine from 20,000 BC they use a hole with hot coals covered in ash. Food wrapped in leaves and placed on top, then covered with soil. In the camps found in Mezhirich, every house of mammoth bone has a fireplace that is used for heating and cooking. Ovens are used by cultures that live in the Indus Valley and in pre-dynasty Egypt. In 3200 BC, every house of mud brick had an oven in the settlements of the Indus Valley. Ovens are used to cook food and make bricks. The pre-dynastic civilization in Egypt used a kiln of about 5000-4000 BC to make pottery.
The culinary historians praised the Greeks for developing bread significantly. The bread oven at the front was developed in ancient Greece. The Greeks created a variety of dough, bread form, and style of serving bread with other foods. Baking was developed as a trade and profession as bread was increasingly prepared outside the family home by specially trained workers for sale to the public.
During the Middle Ages, instead of earth and ceramic ovens, Europeans used a fireplace along with a large cauldron. This is similar to a Dutch oven. After the Middle Ages, the oven underwent many changes over time from wood, iron, coal, gas, and even electricity. Each design has its own motivation and purpose. The wood burning stove saw an increase through the addition of a fire chamber which allowed for better containment and smoke release. Another recognizable oven is a cast iron furnace. It was first used around the early 1700s when they themselves experienced some variations including a smaller Stewart Oberlin iron stove and had its own chimney.
At the beginning of the 19th century, coal ovens were developed. The shape is cylindrical and made of heavy iron castings. The gas oven saw its first use as early as the 19th century as well. Gas stoves into household ovens are very common when gas channels are available for most homes and neighborhoods. James Sharp patented one of the first gas stoves in 1826. Various other improvements to the gas stove include an AGA stove that was discovered in 1922 by Gustaf DalÃÆ'n © n. The first electric oven was invented in the late 19th century, but, like many electrical inventions devoted to commercial use, the mass ownership of an electric oven can not be realized until better and more efficient power usage is available.
Recently, ovens have become slightly more technologically advanced in terms of cooking strategies. Microwave as a cooking utensil was invented by Percy Spencer in 1946, and with the help of engineers, a patented microwave oven. Microwave ovens use microwave radiation to stimulate molecules in foods that cause friction, thereby generating heat.
Maps Oven
Oven type
- Double oven : built-in oven fixtures that have two ovens, or one oven and one microwave oven. Usually built in kitchen cabinets.
- Earth Oven : The ground oven is a hole dug and then heated, usually by rock or smoldering debris. Historically this has been used by many cultures for cooking. Cooking time is usually long, and the process usually cooks by grilling food slowly. Earth Ovens are one of the most common things archaeologists look for in anthropological excavations, as this is one of the key indicators of human civilization and static society.
- Ceramic Oven : Ceramic oven is an oven made of clay or other ceramic material and takes a different shape depending on the culture. The Indians call it a tandoor, and use it for cooking. They can date back as far as 3,000 BC, and they have been debated to have their origins in the Indus Valley. Brick oven is also a type of ceramic oven. A most famous culture for the use of brick oven is Italian and its intimate history with pizza. However, its history also dates from the Roman era, where brick ovens are used not only for commercial use but also for household use.
- Gas oven : One of the first uses of a referenced gas and oven stove references a dinner party in 1802 hosted by Zachaus Winzler, where all food is prepared either on a gas stove or inside the compartment oven. In 1834, British inventor James Sharp began producing commercial gas ovens after installing one in his own home. In 1851, the Registered Bower Gas Stove was featured at the Great Exhibition. This stove will set the standards and foundations for a modern gas oven. Important improvements to gas stoves because include the addition of thermostats that help with temperature regulation; also the enamel layer is added to the production of gas stove and oven to help clean it more easily. â € <â € <
- Masonry oven : Masonry oven consists of roasting chambers made of refractory brick, concrete, stone, or clay. Although traditionally, firewood, coal ovens are common in the 19th century. Modern stone ovens are often fired with natural gas or even electricity, and are closely related to artisanal bread and pizza. In the past, however, they were also used for cooking tasks that required baking.
- Microwave Oven : An oven that uses microwave radiation as a heat source to cook food compared to a fire source. Conceptualized in 1946, Dr. Percy Spencer allegedly discovered the nature of microwave heating while studying magnetrons. In 1947, the first commercial microwave was used in Boston, Mass.
- Toaster oven : The toaster oven is a small electric oven with a front door, a wire rack, and a removable dish. To bake bread with a toaster oven, sliced ​​bread is placed horizontally on the shelf. When the toast is finished, the toaster will die, but in most cases the door has to be opened manually. Most toaster ovens are significantly larger than a toaster, but are capable of performing most of the electrical oven functions, albeit on a much smaller scale.
- Wallcover : The wall oven makes it easy to work with large grills and Dutch ovens. The width is usually 24, 27, or 30 inches. Installed at the waist or the eye, a wall oven removes bending. However, it can be put together under the table to save space. Separate wall ovens are more expensive than the range.
Cooking
In cooking, a conventional oven is a kitchen tool used to bake and heat. Foods usually cooked this way include meat, casseroles, and baked goods such as bread, cakes and other desserts. In modern times, ovens are used for cooking and heating food in many households around the world.
Modern ovens are usually triggered by natural gas or electricity, with available bottle gas models but not common. When an oven is contained in a full stove, the fuel used for the oven may be the same or different from the fuel used for the burner on the stove.
Ovens can usually use a variety of methods for cooking. The most common is to heat the oven from the bottom. This is commonly used for grilling and baking. Ovens can also heat from the top to provide roasting (US) or toaster (English/Commonwealth). To provide faster, uniform cooking, fan oven, which has a fan with heating elements around, which provide heat. Or a fan-assisted oven that uses a small fan to circulate the air in the cooking room, can be used. Both are also known as convection ovens. Ovens can also provide integrated rotisserie.
Ovens also vary in the way they are controlled. The simplest oven (for example, AGA cooker) may have no control at all; the oven only runs continuously at various temperatures. A more conventional oven has a simple thermostat that turns on and off the oven and chooses the temperature at which the oven will operate. Set to the highest setting, this can also activate the broiler element. The timer allows the oven to be switched on and off automatically at a predetermined time. More sophisticated ovens may have complex computer-based controls that allow a wide range of operating modes and special features including the use of temperature probes to automatically turn off the oven when the food is completely cooked to the desired level.
Clean
Some ovens provide a variety of help for cleaning. Continuous cleaning The oven has an oven chamber coated with a catalytic surface that helps break down (splatter) food splashes and spills over time. Self-cleaning oven using pyrolytic decomposition (extreme heat) to oxidize impurities. Steam ovens can provide wet cycles for loosening dirt, allowing manual removal easier. In the absence of special methods, chemical cleaners are sometimes used or simply rubbed.
Industrial, scientific and artisanal use
Outside of the culinary world, ovens are used for a number of purposes.
- The furnace can be used either to provide heat to a building or be used to melt substances such as glass or metal for further processing. Blast furnaces are a special type of furnace generally associated with metal smelting (especially steelmaking) using purified coke or similar heat-burning substances as fuel, with air pumped under pressure to increase fire temperature. A blacksmith uses a temporarily detonated stove, the blacksmith's heart to heat the iron to a bright red until it reaches a yellow temperature. Kiln is a high-temperature oven used in drying wood, ceramics, and cement manufacturing to convert mineral raw materials (in clay or calcium or aluminum rock) into a more luxurious and denser form. In the case of ceramic kilns, clay-shaped objects are the final product, while the cement kiln produces a substance called crushed clinker to make the final cement product. (Certain types of drying ovens used in food making, especially those used in malting, also referred to as kilns.)
- The autoclave is an oven-like tool with features similar to a pressure cooker that allows heating an aqueous solution at a temperature higher than the boiling point of water to sterilize the autoclave contents.
- Industrial ovens are similar to their culinary equivalents and are used for a number of different applications that do not require high-temperature furnaces or furnaces.
See also
- AGA Stove
- Convection oven
- Dutch Oven
- Egyptian egg oven
- Gas Marks to adjust the temperature in the gas oven
- Gas stove
- Kitchen stove
- List of cooking utensils
- Masonry oven
- Clome oven
- Horno
- Honeycomb oven
- Microwave oven
- Microwave convection
- Oven retreading
- Reflector oven
- Russian Oven
- Solar Oven
- Stove
- Wood-fired oven
References
Source
- Roper, Frances. "Chilean Baking-Oven." Ancient publications. United Kingdom: 1937. 355-356.
- Sopoliga, Miroslav. "Ovens and Hearth in the Housing of Ukraine in Eastern Slovakia." Acta Ethnografica Academiae Scientiarium Hungaricae. Budapest: 1982. 315-355
- Silltoe, Paul. "The Earth Oven: The Alternative to Barbecue from the New Guinea Plateau." The Anthropologists'Cook Book: 1997. 224-231.
- Roger Curtis. "Peruvian or Polynesia: Earth Oven Easter Stones of Easter Island." Newsletter of the New Zealand Archaeological Association. 22, no.3: 1979. 92-96.
- Bauhoff, Gunter. "History of Iron-Iron Oven Plates." Offa Bd. 40: 1983. 191-197.
- Bellis, Mary. "History Oven from Cast Iron to Electric."
- National Academy of Engineers. "Home Appliances-Cooking."
- Gallawa, Carlton J. "How to Microwave Cook."
External links
- How to Clean Yourself Ovens Working Pages by HowStuffWorks.com
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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